Concept explainers
Interpretation:
From the following solvents A-E, the solvent in which
Concept introduction:
Generally speaking, a charged species is significantly higher in energy (and thus less stable) than its uncharged counterpart. The strength of base is characterized by the stability of its conjugate acid. More stable the conjugate acid, stronger the base and vice versa. The stability of conjugate acid in the solvent, depends on the intermolecular forces between the solvent molecule and conjugate acid. Stronger the intermolecular forces, more stable is the conjugate acid and stronger will be the base. Weaker the intermolecular forces, least stable is the conjugate acid and weaker will be the base.
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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY E-BOOK W/SMARTWORK5
- The following reactions illustrate Brnsted acid-base behavior. Complete each equation. a.HI(aq)+?H3O+(aq)+I(aq) b.NH3(l)+?NH4++NH2 c.H2C2O4(aq)+H2O(l)?+HC2O4(aq) d.H2N2O2(aq)+H2O(l)H3O+(aq)+? e.?+H2O(l)H3O+(aq)+CO32(aq)arrow_forwardSeveral acids and their respective equilibrium constants are: Which is the strongest acid? Which is the weakest acid? Which acid has the weakest conjugate base? Which acid has the strongest conjugate base?arrow_forwardWhich of the following compounds or ions has the weakest conjugate base? Briefly explain your choice. a) HCN b) HClO c) NH4+arrow_forward
- Complete a net ionic equation for each proton-transfer reaction using curved arrows to show the flow of electron pairs in each reaction. In addition, write Lewis structures for all starting materials and products. Label the original acid and its conjugate base; label the original base and its conjugate acid. If you are uncertain about which substance in each equation is the proton donor, refer to Table 4.1 for the relative strengths of proton acids. (a) NH3+HCl (b) CH3CH2O+HCl (c) HCO3+OH (d) CH3COO+NH4+arrow_forwardA very strong base can remove a proton from methylamine:arrow_forwardAnswer true or false to the following statements about the mechanism of acid-base reactions. (a) The acid and base must encounter each other by a collision in order for the proton to transfer. (b) All collisions between acids and bases result in proton transfer. (c) During an acid-base reaction the lone pair on the base fills the A-H antibonding sigma orbital.arrow_forward
- Complete the equation for the reaction between each Lewis acid-base pair. In each equation, label which starting material is the Lewis acid and which is the Lewis base; use curved arrows to show the flow of electrons in each reaction. In doing this problem, it is essential that you show valence electrons for all atoms participating in each reaction. (a) (b) (c) (d)arrow_forward(E) Label each of the following as strong acid, strong base, or neither.arrow_forward
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