(a) Interpretation: The amount of heat transferred to the tank is to be calculated. Concept introduction: A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved. In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as: i n p u t + g e n e r a t i o n − o u t p u t − c o n s u m p u m t i o n = a c c u m u l a t i o n Here, ‘ input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘ generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘ output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘ consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘ accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system. All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables. The equation for energy balance is: Δ U + Δ E k + Δ E p = Q − W s ....... (1) Here, Δ U is the rate of change in the internal energy of the system, Δ E k is the rate of kinetic energy change of the system, Δ E p is the rate of potential energy change of the system, Q is the net rate at which energy is transferred to a system and W s is the rate at which energy is transferred as shaft work. Mass m is calculated from volume V and specific volume V ^ a substance as: m = V V ^ ....... (2)

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.41P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The amount of heat transferred to the tank is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:

input+generation−output−consumpumtion=accumulation

Here, ‘ input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘ generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘ output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘ consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘ accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.

All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.

The equation for energy balance is:

ΔU+ΔEk+ΔEp=Q−Ws ....... (1)

Here, ΔU is the rate of change in the internal energy of the system, ΔEk is the rate of kinetic energy change of the system, ΔEp is the rate of potential energy change of the system, Q is the net rate at which energy is transferred to a system and Ws is the rate at which energy is transferred as shaft work.

Mass m is calculated from volume V and specific volume V^ a substance as:

m=VV^ ....... (2)

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the contents of the tank is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The amount of steam which is condensed is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

At this saturation temperature at a particular pressure, steam is present along with some condensed steam when cooled.

The total mass of the system is conserved for the system before and after the cooling takes place.

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3. A gas contained within a closed piston-cylinder assembly undergoes three processes in series: Process 1-2: Constant volume from P₁ = 1 bar, V₁ = 4 m³ to state 2, where P₂ = 2 bar; Process 2-3: Compression to V3 = 2 m³, during which the pressure-volume relationship is PV = constant; Process 3-4: Constant pressure to state 4, where V4 = 1 m³; (a) Sketch the processes in series on P-V coordinates. (b) Evaluate the magnitude of work in kJ for EACH process. To make the unit consistent, you might need to convert the unit of pressure from bar to Pa.

In a steam boiler, hot gases from a fire transfer heat to water which vapourizes at constant temperature.In certain case, the gases are cooled from 1100°C to 550°C while the water evaporates at 220°C. Thespecific heat of gases is 1.005 kJ/kg K, and the latent heat of water at 220°C is 1858.5 kJ/kg. All the heattransferred from the gases goes to the water. How much does the total entropy of the combined system ofgas and water increase as a result of irreversible heat transfer ? Obtain the result on the basis of 1 kg ofwater evaporated. If the temperature of the surroundings is 30°C find the increase in unavailable energydue to irreversible heat transfer.

3. Heat capacities are usually given in terms of polynomial functions of temperature. The equation for the heat capacity of an ionic liquid is where T(R) and Cp (Btu Ibmol-1 R-1). Cp = 8.448 + 0.5757 × 10-2T+7.693 × 10-³ T log(0.325 T) (a) Determine the units of the constants (b) Develop an equation to calculate Cp in (Jxgmol-¹xK-1) as a function of Tin K. Express the coefficients in scientific notation and in four (4) significant figures.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.41P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The amount of heat transferred to the tank is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:

input+generation−output−consumpumtion=accumulation

Here, ‘ input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘ generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘ output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘ consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘ accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.

All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.

The equation for energy balance is:

ΔU+ΔEk+ΔEp=Q−Ws ....... (1)

Here, ΔU is the rate of change in the internal energy of the system, ΔEk is the rate of kinetic energy change of the system, ΔEp is the rate of potential energy change of the system, Q is the net rate at which energy is transferred to a system and Ws is the rate at which energy is transferred as shaft work.

Mass m is calculated from volume V and specific volume V^ a substance as:

m=VV^ ....... (2)

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the contents of the tank is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The amount of steam which is condensed is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

At this saturation temperature at a particular pressure, steam is present along with some condensed steam when cooled.

The total mass of the system is conserved for the system before and after the cooling takes place.

Expert Solution & Answer

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See solution

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.41P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The amount of heat transferred to the tank is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:

input+generation−output−consumpumtion=accumulation

Here, ‘ input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘ generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘ output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘ consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘ accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.

All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.

The equation for energy balance is:

ΔU+ΔEk+ΔEp=Q−Ws ....... (1)

Here, ΔU is the rate of change in the internal energy of the system, ΔEk is the rate of kinetic energy change of the system, ΔEp is the rate of potential energy change of the system, Q is the net rate at which energy is transferred to a system and Ws is the rate at which energy is transferred as shaft work.

Mass m is calculated from volume V and specific volume V^ a substance as:

m=VV^ ....... (2)

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the contents of the tank is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The amount of steam which is condensed is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

At this saturation temperature at a particular pressure, steam is present along with some condensed steam when cooled.

The total mass of the system is conserved for the system before and after the cooling takes place.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.41P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The amount of heat transferred to the tank is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:

input+generation−output−consumpumtion=accumulation

Here, ‘ input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘ generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘ output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘ consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘ accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.

All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.

The equation for energy balance is:

ΔU+ΔEk+ΔEp=Q−Ws ....... (1)

Here, ΔU is the rate of change in the internal energy of the system, ΔEk is the rate of kinetic energy change of the system, ΔEp is the rate of potential energy change of the system, Q is the net rate at which energy is transferred to a system and Ws is the rate at which energy is transferred as shaft work.

Mass m is calculated from volume V and specific volume V^ a substance as:

m=VV^ ....... (2)

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the contents of the tank is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The amount of steam which is condensed is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

At this saturation temperature at a particular pressure, steam is present along with some condensed steam when cooled.

The total mass of the system is conserved for the system before and after the cooling takes place.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 7, Problem 7.41P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The amount of heat transferred to the tank is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:

input+generation−output−consumpumtion=accumulation

Here, ‘ input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘ generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘ output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘ consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘ accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.

All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.

The equation for energy balance is:

ΔU+ΔEk+ΔEp=Q−Ws ....... (1)

Here, ΔU is the rate of change in the internal energy of the system, ΔEk is the rate of kinetic energy change of the system, ΔEp is the rate of potential energy change of the system, Q is the net rate at which energy is transferred to a system and Ws is the rate at which energy is transferred as shaft work.

Mass m is calculated from volume V and specific volume V^ a substance as:

m=VV^ ....... (2)

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the contents of the tank is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The amount of steam which is condensed is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

At this saturation temperature at a particular pressure, steam is present along with some condensed steam when cooled.

The total mass of the system is conserved for the system before and after the cooling takes place.

Answer 6

Chapter 7, Problem 7.41P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The amount of heat transferred to the tank is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:

input+generation−output−consumpumtion=accumulation

Here, ‘ input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘ generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘ output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘ consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘ accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.

All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.

The equation for energy balance is:

ΔU+ΔEk+ΔEp=Q−Ws ....... (1)

Here, ΔU is the rate of change in the internal energy of the system, ΔEk is the rate of kinetic energy change of the system, ΔEp is the rate of potential energy change of the system, Q is the net rate at which energy is transferred to a system and Ws is the rate at which energy is transferred as shaft work.

Mass m is calculated from volume V and specific volume V^ a substance as:

m=VV^ ....... (2)

Answer 7

Chapter 7, Problem 7.41P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The amount of heat transferred to the tank is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:

input+generation−output−consumpumtion=accumulation

Here, ‘ input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘ generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘ output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘ consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘ accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.

All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.

The equation for energy balance is:

ΔU+ΔEk+ΔEp=Q−Ws ....... (1)

Here, ΔU is the rate of change in the internal energy of the system, ΔEk is the rate of kinetic energy change of the system, ΔEp is the rate of potential energy change of the system, Q is the net rate at which energy is transferred to a system and Ws is the rate at which energy is transferred as shaft work.

Mass m is calculated from volume V and specific volume V^ a substance as:

m=VV^ ....... (2)

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the contents of the tank is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the contents of the tank is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The amount of steam which is condensed is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

At this saturation temperature at a particular pressure, steam is present along with some condensed steam when cooled.

The total mass of the system is conserved for the system before and after the cooling takes place.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The amount of steam which is condensed is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

At this saturation temperature at a particular pressure, steam is present along with some condensed steam when cooled.

The total mass of the system is conserved for the system before and after the cooling takes place.

Answer 12

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 13

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 14

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See solution

Answer 15

Ch. 7 - A certain gasoline engine has an efficiency of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.2P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.3P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.4P Ch. 7 - Liquid ethanol is pumped from a large storage tank...Ch. 7 - Air at 300°C and 130 kPa flows through a...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.7P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.8P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.9P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains how a flowchart is labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

Concept explainers

(b)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the contents of the tank is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 7 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author explains how a flowchart is labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

Concept explainers

(b) Interpretation: The final temperature of the contents of the tank is to be calculated. Concept introduction: Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 7 Solutions

(b)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the contents of the tank is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.