Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Estimate the oven temperature and amount of water evaporates in the process.
Concept introduction:
The energy balance equation is,
Where,
(b)
Interpretation:
Calculate the true oven temperature.
Concept introduction:
The energy balance equation is,
Where,
(c)
Interpretation:
Explain why the gauge pressure in the vessel was negative.
Concept introduction:
The energy balance equation is,
Where,
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EBK ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF CHEMICAL P
- What will be the final temperature of a mixture made from equal masses of the following: water at 25.0C, ethanol at 35.5C, and iron at 95C?arrow_forwardIn the 1880s, Frederick Trouton noted that the enthalpy of vaporization of 1 mol pure liquid is approximately 88 times the boiling point, Tb, of the liquid on the Kelvin scale. This relationship is called Troutons rule and is represented by the thermochemical equation liquid gas H = 88 Tb, joules Combined with an empirical formula from chemical analysis, Troutons rule can be used to find the molecular formula of a compound, as illustrated here. A compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen is 85.6% C and 14.4% H. Its enthalpy of vaporization is 389 J/g, and it boils at a temperature of 322 K. (a) What is the empirical formula of this compound? (b) Use Troutons rule to calculate the approximate enthalpy or vaporization or one mole of the compound. Combine the enthalpy of vaporization per mole with that same quantity per gram to obtain an approximate molar mass of the compound. (c) Use the results of parts (a) and (b) to find the molecular formula of this compound. Remember that the molecular mass must be exactly a whole-number multiple of the empirical formula mass, so considerable rounding may be needed.arrow_forwardA sample containing a mixture of SrCl, · 6 H,0 (MW = 266.62 g/mol) and CSCI (MW = 168.36 g/mol) originally weighs 1.6017 g. Upon heating the sample to 320 °C, the waters of hydration are driven off SrCl, · 6 H,0, leaving the anhydrous SrCl,. After cooling the sample in a desiccator, it has a mass of 1.1433 g. Calculate the weight percent of Sr, Cs, and Cl in the original sample. 320 °C SrCl, · 6 H,0(s)- SrCl, (s) + 6 H,O(g) wt% Sr = wt% Cs = wt% CI =arrow_forward
- Upon an experimental process, a round-bottomed glass flask (evacuated) weighs 62.0 g when its empty. In the following step, this flask was fulfilled with a liquid (d: 0.98g/mL) and weighs 160.0 g. The same flask used again in another experiment and weighs 62.5 g when fulfilled with an ideal gas (experimental conditions: 760mmHg and 300K) According to this data, calculate the molecular weight of the ideal gas.arrow_forwardA sample of unknown gas was heated to 125°C in a round bottom flask at standard pressure (1.00 atm), and its weight in a 100 ml round bottom flask was taken to be 30.098g. The round bottom flask weighs 30.0g. The gas was determined to be pure so that it can only be composed of a single element (N2, O2, F2, He, Ne, Ar, P2, S2, Cl2). Identify the gas.arrow_forwardThe human body burns glucose (C6H12O6) for energy according to this chemical reaction: C6H12O6+6O2→ 6CO2+6H2O The products of the reaction are carbon dioxide CO2 and water H2O Interestingly, all of the carbon dioxide and much of the water exits the body through the lungs: on every breath, the average person exhales 500.mL of air, which is typically enriched to 4% CO2 and 5% water vapor by volume. In short, when a person loses weight by dieting, the weight that is lost actually departs his body as a gas, every time he exhales. Each kilogram of body fat lost requires exhaling about 2.9kg of carbon dioxide. Calculate how many breaths it takes an average person to "exhale" 0.50kg of fat. Round your answer to the nearest thousand. You'll need to know that the density of CO2 is 2.0 kg/m^3 .arrow_forward
- When heated, calcium carbonate decomposes to yield calcium oxide and carbon dioxide gas via the reaction CaCO3(s)→CaO(s) + CO₂(g) What is the mass of calcium carbonate needed to produce 35.0 L of carbon dioxide at STP? Express your answer with the appropriate units. View Available Hint(s) mass of CaCO3 Submit = Part B 0 370.8 HÅ atm Previous Answers Request Answer X Incorrect; Try Again; 4 attempts remaining ? Butane, C4H10, is a component of natural gas that is used as fuel for cigarette lighters. The balanced equation of the complete combustion of butane is 2C4H10 (9) + 1302 (g)→8CO2 (g) + 10H₂O (1) At 1.00 atm and 23 °C, what is the volume of carbon dioxide formed by the combustion of 2.20 g of butane? Express your answer with the appropriate units.arrow_forwardThe human body burns glucose C6H12O6 for energy according to this chemical reaction:→+C6H12O66O2+6CO26H2O. The products of the reaction are carbon dioxide CO2 and water H2O. Interestingly, all of the carbon dioxide and much of the water exits the body through the lungs: on every breath, the average person exhales 500.mLof air, which is typically enriched to 4% CO2 and 5% water vapor by volume. In short, when a person loses weight by dieting, the weight that is lost actually departs his body as a gas, every time he exhales. Each kilogram of body fat lost requires exhaling about 3.0kg of carbon dioxide. Calculate how many breaths it takes an average person to "exhale" 2.00kg of fat. Round your answer to the nearest thousand. You'll need to know that the density of CO2 is 2.0/kgm3arrow_forwardCombination of all four gas laws leads to the ideal gas law, PV = nRT Ris the ideal gas constant (R = 0.0821 L'atm/mol·K or R= 8.314 J/mol·K) 1. How many moles of a gas are there in a 1.00 L container, at 373 K under 775 mmHg pressure? Show your work including all unit conversions.arrow_forward
- Use the van der Waals equation of state to calculate the pressure P of 3.90 mol of Xe at 477 K in a 5.30 L vessel. Use this list of van der Waals constants. P = atm Use the ideal gas equation to calculate the pressure P under the same conditions. P = atmarrow_forwardEffervescent tablets contain both citric acid (C6H8O7) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and release carbon dioxide gas when dissolved in water as well as forming trisodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7) and water. A typical effervescent tablet contains 1.00 g of citric acid and 1.92 g sodium bicarbonate. (a) Assuming that carbon dioxide acts as an ideal gas, determine the work done due to the evolution of carbon dioxide by the dissolution of one effervescent tablet in water at 25.0 °C and atmospheric pressure (1 atm i.e. 101325 Pa).arrow_forwardConsider a container with a frictionless piston that contains a given amount of an ideal gas. If the external pressure is kept constant, the piston will move up or down in response to a change in the internal pressure. The piston will move up if Pint > Pext and vice versa. The piston will stop moving when Pint Pext (the system is equilibrated). = The container has 0.8 mol of an ideal gas initially at 24 °C and the system is in equilibrium with an external pressure of 1.2 bar. The gas is slowly heated to a final temperature of 305 °C. During this process, the piston is allowed to move if necessary to keep the system at equilibrium (that is, the internal pressure is allowed to match the external pressure at all times). The molar heat capacity at constant volume Cum of this ideal gas is 2.5 R. ▼ Part A - Calculate the initial volume of the gas. ▼ Express your answer in m³ with 3 significant figures. The margin of error for this answer is 2%. V₂ = 0.0219 | ΑΣΦ Submit Previous Answers…arrow_forward
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