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ChemistryChemistry: An Atoms First ApproachSome nonelectrolyte solute (molar mass = 142 g/mol) was dissolved in 150. mL of a solvent (density = 0.879 g/cm 3 ). The elevated boiling point of the solution was 355.4 K. What mass of solute was dissolved in the solvent? For the solvent, the enthalpy of vaporization is 33.90 kJ/mol, the entropy of vaporization is 95.95 J/K mol, and the boiling-point elevation constant is 2.5 K kg/mol.

Some nonelectrolyte solute (molar mass = 142 g/mol) was dissolved in 150. mL of a solvent (density = 0.879 g/cm 3 ). The elevated boiling point of the solution was 355.4 K. What mass of solute was dissolved in the solvent? For the solvent, the enthalpy of vaporization is 33.90 kJ/mol, the entropy of vaporization is 95.95 J/K mol, and the boiling-point elevation constant is 2.5 K kg/mol.

BuyFind

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

2nd Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
Publisher: Cengage Learning
ISBN: 9781305079243
BuyFind

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

2nd Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
Publisher: Cengage Learning
ISBN: 9781305079243

Solutions

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Chapter 16, Problem 118IP
Textbook Problem

Some nonelectrolyte solute (molar mass = 142 g/mol) was dissolved in 150. mL of a solvent (density = 0.879 g/cm3). The elevated boiling point of the solution was 355.4 K. What mass of solute was dissolved in the solvent? For the solvent, the enthalpy of vaporization is 33.90 kJ/mol, the entropy of vaporization is 95.95 J/K mol, and the boiling-point elevation constant is 2.5 K kg/mol.

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Chapter 16 Solutions

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Ch. 16 - Define the following: a. spontaneous process b....Ch. 16 - What is the second law of thermodynamics? For any...Ch. 16 - What determines Ssurr for a process? To calculate...Ch. 16 - The free energy change, G, for a process at...Ch. 16 - What is the third law of thermodynamics? What are...Ch. 16 - What is the standard free energy change, G, for a...Ch. 16 - If you calculate a value for G for a reaction...Ch. 16 - Consider the equation G = G + RT ln(Q). What is...Ch. 16 - Even if G is negative, the reaction may not occur....Ch. 16 - Discuss the relationship between wmax and the...
Ch. 16 - For the process A(l) A(g), which direction is...Ch. 16 - For a liquid, which would you expect to be larger,...Ch. 16 - Gas A2 reacts with gas B2 to form gas AB at a...Ch. 16 - What types of experiments can be carried out to...Ch. 16 - A friend tells you, Free energy G and pressure P...Ch. 16 - You remember that G is related to RT ln(K) but...Ch. 16 - Predict the sign of S for each of the following...Ch. 16 - Is Ssurr favorable or unfavorable for exothermic...Ch. 16 - At 1 atm, liquid water is heated above 100C. For...Ch. 16 - When (if ever) are high temperatures unfavorable...Ch. 16 - The synthesis of glucose directly from CO2 and H2O...Ch. 16 - When the environment is contaminated by a toxic or...Ch. 16 - Entropy has been described as times arrow....Ch. 16 - Human DNA contains almost twice as much...Ch. 16 - A mixture of hydrogen gas and chlorine gas remains...Ch. 16 - Consider the following potential energy plots: a....Ch. 16 - Ssurr is sometimes called the energy disorder...Ch. 16 - Given the following illustration, what can be said...Ch. 16 - The third law of thermodynamics states that the...Ch. 16 - The deciding factor on why HF is a weak acid and...Ch. 16 - List three different ways to calculate the...Ch. 16 - What information can be determined from G for a...Ch. 16 - Monochloroethane (C2H5Cl) can be produced by the...Ch. 16 - At 1500 K, the process I2(g)2I(g)10atm10atm is not...Ch. 16 - Which of the following processes are spontaneous?...Ch. 16 - Which of the following processes are spontaneous?...Ch. 16 - Table 16-1 shows the possible arrangements of four...Ch. 16 - Consider the following illustration of six...Ch. 16 - Consider the following energy levels, each capable...Ch. 16 - Redo Exercise 29 with two particles A and B, which...Ch. 16 - Choose the substance with the larger positional...Ch. 16 - Which of the following involve an increase in the...Ch. 16 - Predict the sign of Ssurr for the following...Ch. 16 - Calculate Ssurr for the following reactions at 25C...Ch. 16 - Given the values of H and S, which of the...Ch. 16 - At what temperatures will the following processes...Ch. 16 - Ethanethiol (C2H5SH; also called ethyl mercaptan)...Ch. 16 - For mercury, the enthalpy of vaporization is 58.51...Ch. 16 - For ammonia (NH3), the enthalpy of fusion is 5.65...Ch. 16 - The enthalpy of vaporization of ethanol is 38.7...Ch. 16 - Predict the sign of S for each of the following...Ch. 16 - Predict the sign of S for each of the following...Ch. 16 - For each of the following pairs of substances,...Ch. 16 - For each of the following pairs, which substance...Ch. 16 - Predict the sign of S and then calculate S for...Ch. 16 - Predict the sign of S and then calculate S for...Ch. 16 - For the reaction C2H2(g)+4F2(g)2CF4(g)+H2(g) S is...Ch. 16 - For the reaction CS2(g)+3O2(g)CO2(g)+2SO2(g) S is...Ch. 16 - It is quite common for a solid to change from one...Ch. 16 - Two crystalline forms of white phosphorus are...Ch. 16 - Consider the reaction 2O(g)O2(g) a. Predict the...Ch. 16 - Hydrogen cyanide is produced industrially by the...Ch. 16 - From data in Appendix 4, calculate H, S, and G for...Ch. 16 - The major industrial use of hydrogen is in the...Ch. 16 - For the reaction at 298 K, 2NO2(g)N2O4(g) the...Ch. 16 - At 100C and 1.00 atm, H = 40.6 kJ/mol for the...Ch. 16 - Given the following data:...Ch. 16 - Given the following data:...Ch. 16 - For the reaction SF4(g)+F2(g)SF6(g) the value of G...Ch. 16 - The value of G for the reaction...Ch. 16 - Consider the reaction...Ch. 16 - Consider the reaction 2POCl3(g)2PCl3(g)+O2(g) a....Ch. 16 - Using data from Appendix 4, calculate H, S and G...Ch. 16 - Consider two reactions for the production of...Ch. 16 - Using data from Appendix 4, calculate G for the...Ch. 16 - Using data from Appendix 4, calculate G for the...Ch. 16 - Consider the reaction 2NO2(g)N2O4(g) For each of...Ch. 16 - Consider the following reaction:...Ch. 16 - One of the reactions that destroys ozone in the...Ch. 16 - Hydrogen sulfide can be removed from natural gas...Ch. 16 - Consider the following reaction at 25.0C:...Ch. 16 - The standard free energies of formation and the...Ch. 16 - Calculate G forH2O(g)+12O2(g)H2O2(g) at 600. K,...Ch. 16 - The Ostwald process for the commercial production...Ch. 16 - Cells use the hydrolysis of adenosine...Ch. 16 - One reaction that occurs in human metabolism is...Ch. 16 - Consider the following reaction at 800. K:...Ch. 16 - Consider the following reaction at 298 K:...Ch. 16 - Consider the relationship In(K)=HRT+SR The...Ch. 16 - The equilibrium constant K for the reaction...Ch. 16 - Using Appendix 4 and the following data, determine...Ch. 16 - Some water is placed in a coffee-cup calorimeter....Ch. 16 - Consider the following system at equilibrium at...Ch. 16 - Calculate the entropy change for the vaporization...Ch. 16 - As O2(l) is cooled at 1 atm, it freezes at 54.5 K...Ch. 16 - Consider the following reaction:...Ch. 16 - Using the following data, calculate the value of...Ch. 16 - Many biochemical reactions that occur in cells...Ch. 16 - Carbon monoxide is toxic because it bonds much...Ch. 16 - In the text, the equation G=G+RTIn(Q) was derived...Ch. 16 - Consider the reactions...Ch. 16 - Use the equation in Exercise 79 to determine H and...Ch. 16 - Consider the reaction...Ch. 16 - Consider the following diagram of free energy (G)...Ch. 16 - Which of the following reactions (or processes)...Ch. 16 - For rubidium Hvapo=69.0KJ/mol at 686C, its boiling...Ch. 16 - Given the thermodynamic data below, calculate S...Ch. 16 - Consider the reaction: H2S(g)+SO2(g)3S(g)+2H2O(l)...Ch. 16 - The following reaction occurs in pure water:...Ch. 16 - Consider the dissociation of a weak acid HA (Ka =...Ch. 16 - Consider the reaction: PCl3(g)+Cl2(g)PCl5(g) At...Ch. 16 - The equilibrium constant for a certain reaction...Ch. 16 - For the following reactions at constant pressure,...Ch. 16 - The standard enthalpy of formation of H2O(l) at...Ch. 16 - Consider two perfectly insulated vessels. Vessel 1...Ch. 16 - Liquid water at 25C is introduced into an...Ch. 16 - Using data from Appendix 4, calculate H, G, and K...Ch. 16 - Entropy can be calculated by a relationship...Ch. 16 - a. Using the free energy profile for a simple...Ch. 16 - Consider the reaction H2(g)+Br2(g)2HBr(g) where H...Ch. 16 - Consider the system A(g)B(g) at25C. a. Assuming...Ch. 16 - The equilibrium constant for a certain reaction...Ch. 16 - If wet silver carbonate is dried in a stream of...Ch. 16 - Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and benzene (C6H6)...Ch. 16 - Sodium chloride is added to water (at 25C) until...Ch. 16 - You have a 1.00-L sample of hot water (90.0C)...Ch. 16 - Consider a weak acid, HX. If a 0.10-M solution of...Ch. 16 - Some nonelectrolyte solute (molar mass = 142...Ch. 16 - For the equilibrium A(g)+2B(g)C(g) the initial...Ch. 16 - What is the pH of a 0. 125-M solution of the weak...Ch. 16 - Consider a sample containing 5.00 moles of a...Ch. 16 - Impure nickel, refined by smelting sulfide ores in...

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