Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780190209896
Author: Trudy McKee, James R. McKee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Chapter 17, Problem 2Q
Summary Introduction
To review:
The effect of the given compounds/conditions on the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA):
a. Ethanol
b. Heat
c. Dimethylsulfate
d. Nitrous acid
e. 5-Bromouracil (5-BU)
Introduction:
The DNAis prone to mutations, thatis, permanent structural changes in DNA caused by deletion, duplication, and rearrangement of its base pairs. Mutations can also be caused by a mismatch of the base pairs. There are many factors thatcan cause mutations, these are called mutagens.
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How will each of the following substances or conditions affect DNA structure? a. ethanol; b. heat; c. dimethylsulfate; d. nitrous acid; e. 5-BU
Enzymes that break down DNA catalyze the hydrolysis of the covalent bonds that join nucleotides together. What would happen to DNA molecules treated with these enzymes?
Group of answer choices
A. All bases would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars
B. The purines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars
C. The phosphodiester linkages between deoxyribose sugars would be broken
D. The two strands of the double helix would separate
E. The pyrimidines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars
According to Chargaff’s rules for DNA base composition, if a DNA sample contained 10%
guanine, the sample should have:
A. 40% cytosine
B. 90% cytosine
C. 10% adenine
D. 40% thymine
Chapter 17 Solutions
Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Chargaff studied the composition of DNA from different sources and found that a. the number of phosphate groups always equals the number of 5-carbon sugars. b. the proportions of A equal that of C and G equals T. c. the proportions of A equal that of T and G equals C. d. purines bind to pyrimidines.arrow_forwardWhat defines one end of a DNA molecule as the 5’ end? a. What defines the other end at the 3’ end? b. When two strands of DNA are paired together to form a functional molecule, what is interesting to note about their 5’ and 3’ ends?arrow_forwardIn Watson and Crick's model of DNA structure, the two strands of the DNA double helix are joined through a. Ionic bonds b. Hydrophobic interactions c. Covalent bonds d. Disulfide bonds e. Hydrogen bondsarrow_forward
- Which of the following is true about the structure of DNA as proposed by Watson and Crick (B-form DNA)? A. DNA forms a left-handed double helix. B. The strands of DNA are parallel. C. The complementary base pairs are held together by hydrogen bonds. D. A complete turn of the double helix occurs after every base pair.arrow_forwardWhich of the following does not contribute to the stability of the DNA? A. The presence of hydrogen between nitrogenous bases. B. Presence of the N-glycosidic bond between the nitrogenous base and phosphate group C. Presence of phosphodiester bond between the sugar and phosphate group on the sugar-phosphate backbone. D. Hydrophobic interaction between stacked nitrogenous bases.arrow_forwardThe antiparallel nature of DNA refers to a. its charged phosphate groups. b. the pairing of bases on one strand with bases on the other strand. c. the formation of hydrogen bonds between bases from opposite strands. d. the opposite direction of the two strands of nucleotides.arrow_forward
- The “rungs” of the DNA double helix are held together by a. ionic bonds.b. hydrogen bonds.c. covalent bonds.d. the force of the backbones on the outside of the helix pushing them together.arrow_forwardWhich of the following best explains Chargaff’s rule (a) 3’to 5’ synthesis of DNA (b) anti-parallel structure of DNA (c) phosphodiester bonds (d) hydrogen bonds (e) 5’ to 3’ synthesis of DNAarrow_forwardWhich of the following describes a Z-DNA helix? a. It is inhibited by methylation of bases b. It is favored by alternating GC sequence c. It has fewer base pairs per turn than the B-DNA d. It is favored in many solutions that are relatively devoid of waterarrow_forward
- Which is a difference between B-DNA and A-DNA? A. For polynucleotide strands containing the same number of nucleotides, the B-DNA strand will be shorter from end-to-end than the corresponding A-DNA. B. Both are helical, but B-DNA is right-handed and A-DNA is left-handed. C. The sugar in A-DNA is more oxidized than that in B-DNA D. Helical structures in RNA predominantly adopt the B-DNA conformation. E. None of the above. The tetranucleotide AGTC (in DNA) has a free hydroxyl group on ____. A. A B. G, T, and C C. C D. A, G, T, and Carrow_forwardWhat was the contribution of Rosalind Franklin to the discovery of DNA's structure? a.Discovery that in DNA the amounts of adenine and thymine were identical as were the amounts of guanine and cytosine b.Theoretical model of DNA's structure and the pairing of nitrogenous bases c. X-ray diffraction images of DNA that showed that DNA had two chains twisted into a double helix with a backbone containing phosphate groups on the outside and bases on the insidearrow_forwardWhat feature of a DNA fragment causes it to move through a gel during electrophoresis? a. the electrical charges of its phosphate groups b. its nucleotide sequence c. the hydrogen bonds between its base pairs d. its double helix shapearrow_forward
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