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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The total number of primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons that are present in the given structure has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
In a hydrocarbon structure, each and every carbon atoms are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary carbon atom.
If a carbon atom in an organic molecule is directly bonded to only one another carbon atom is known as primary carbon atom.
If a carbon atom in an organic molecule is directly bonded to two other carbon atoms is known as secondary carbon atom.
If a carbon atom in an organic molecule is directly bonded to three other carbon atoms is known as tertiary carbon atom.
If a carbon atom in an organic molecule is directly bonded to four another carbon atom is known as quaternary carbon atom.
These carbon atoms are denoted by notations as,
(b)
Interpretation:
The total number of primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons that are present in the given structure has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
In a hydrocarbon structure, each and every carbon atoms are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary carbon atom.
If a carbon atom in an organic molecule is directly bonded to only one another carbon atom is known as primary carbon atom.
If a carbon atom in an organic molecule is directly bonded to two other carbon atoms is known as secondary carbon atom.
If a carbon atom in an organic molecule is directly bonded to three other carbon atoms is known as tertiary carbon atom.
If a carbon atom in an organic molecule is directly bonded to four another carbon atom is known as quaternary carbon atom.
These carbon atoms are denoted by notations as,
(c)
Interpretation:
The total number of primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons that are present in the given structure has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
In a hydrocarbon structure, each and every carbon atoms are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary carbon atom.
If a carbon atom in an organic molecule is directly bonded to only one another carbon atom is known as primary carbon atom.
If a carbon atom in an organic molecule is directly bonded to two other carbon atoms is known as secondary carbon atom.
If a carbon atom in an organic molecule is directly bonded to three other carbon atoms is known as tertiary carbon atom.
If a carbon atom in an organic molecule is directly bonded to four another carbon atom is known as quaternary carbon atom.
These carbon atoms are denoted by notations as,
(d)
Interpretation:
The total number of primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons that are present in the given structure has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
In a hydrocarbon structure, each and every carbon atoms are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary carbon atom.
If a carbon atom in an organic molecule is directly bonded to only one another carbon atom is known as primary carbon atom.
If a carbon atom in an organic molecule is directly bonded to two other carbon atoms is known as secondary carbon atom.
If a carbon atom in an organic molecule is directly bonded to three other carbon atoms is known as tertiary carbon atom.
If a carbon atom in an organic molecule is directly bonded to four another carbon atom is known as quaternary carbon atom.
These carbon atoms are denoted by notations as,
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Chapter 12 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- Common names for some triacylglycerols depend on their source. Identify the source. Choices are plant oils (soybean, canola, corn, sunflower, and so on), beef fat, and pork fat. (a) Tallow (b) Cooking oil (c) Lardarrow_forward(a) Cholesterol isolated from natural sources is enantiopure. The observed rotation of a 0.3-g sample of cholesterol in 15 mL of chloroform solution contained in a 10-cm polarimeter tube is −0.78°. Calculate the specific rotation of cholesterol. (b) A sample of synthetic cholesterol consisting entirely of (+)-cholesterol was mixed with some natural (−)-cholesterol. The specific rotation of the mixture was −13°. What fraction of the mixture was (+)-cholesterol?arrow_forwardStearidonic acid (C18H28O2) is an unsaturated fatty acid obtained from oils isolated from hemp and blackcurrant (see also Problem 10.11). a. What fatty acid is formed when stearidonic acid is hydrogenated with excess Hạ and a Pd catalyst? b. What fatty acids are formed when stearidonic acid is hydrogenated with one equivalent of Hz and a Pd catalyst? c. Draw the structure of a possible product formed when stearidonic acid is hydrogenated with one equivalent of H2 and a Pd catalyst, and one double OH stearidonic acid bond is isomerized to a trans isomer. d. How do the melting points of the following fatty acids compare: stearidonic acid; one of the products formed in part (b); the product drawn in part (c)?arrow_forward
- (a) Draw the condensed structural formula, and give the name and abbreviation for the dipeptide Cys-Pro. (b) For the sugar with the structure shown below: (i) draw an arrow pointing to the anomeric carbon (ii) Is this the alpha or Beta anomer? ОН H OH OH OH OHarrow_forwardD- and L- designations are used to distinguish between the two possible enantiomers of the monosaccharide, galactose. From the Fischer projection, determine the designation of this monosaccharide.arrow_forwardDimethyl ether has the same molecular formula as ethanol (Problem 4.57) but very different properties. Propose a structure for dimethyl ether in which the oxygen is bonded to two carbonsarrow_forward
- Isobutylene, CH2=C(CH3)2, is used to prepare cold-flow rubber. Draw a structure for the addition polymer formed from this alkene.arrow_forwardFor the first part, draw a Fischer projection formula for the enantiomer of each of the following monosaccharides. For the second part, identify whether the images are in D- or L-configuration. Write your answers first on a piece of bond paper.arrow_forwardDraw a Fischer projection formula for the enantiomer of each of the following monosaccharides. (a to d)arrow_forward
- Consider the intermolecular forces present in a pure sample of each of the following compounds: CH₃CH₂OH and CH₃COCH₃. Identify the intermolecular forces that these compounds have in common.arrow_forwardDraw the keto or enol tautomer for each of the following compounds when they were treated with traces of acids or bases. CH3 OH (1) ? H H (2) CH₂CH₂ C=C₂ CH3 ?arrow_forwardDrawn are four isomeric dimethylcyclopropanes. How are the compounds in each pair related (enantiomers, diastereomers, constitutional isomers): A and B; A and C; B and C; C and D?arrow_forward
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