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Science
ChemistryChemistry & Chemical Reactivity10th Edition

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Chapter 17, Problem 104IL
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Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity

10th Edition
John C. Kotz + 3 others
ISBN: 9781337399074

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Problem 77GQ
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Problem 100GQ
Problem 101IL
Problem 102IL
Problem 103IL
Problem 104IL
Problem 105IL
Problem 106IL
Problem 107IL
Problem 108IL
Problem 109IL
Problem 110IL
Problem 111IL
Problem 112IL
Problem 113SCQ
Problem 114SCQ
Problem 115SCQ
Problem 116SCQ
Problem 117SCQ
Problem 118SCQ
Problem 119SCQ
Problem 120SCQ
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Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity

10th Edition
John C. Kotz + 3 others
ISBN: 9781337399074
Textbook Problem

You will often work with salts of Fe3+, Pb2+, and Al3+ in the laboratory. (All are found in nature, and all are important economically.) If you have a solution containing these three ions, each at a concentration of 0.10 M, what is the order in which their hydroxides precipitate as aqueous NaOH is slowly added to the solution?

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The order in which hydroxides of Al3+, Fe3+ and Pb2+ will precipitate out from a solution containing these three ions as aqueous NaOH is added to the solution has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The solubility of a salt is defined as the maximum amount of salt that can be dissolved in definite amount of solvent. It is expressed in moles per liter or grams per liter. Solubility in terms of moles per liter is called molar solubility and is defined as the number of moles of solute (salt) dissolved in per liter of solution.

Solubility product constant Ksp is an equilibrium constant and is defined as the product of the equilibrium concentration of the ions of the salt raised to the power of their coefficients in the balanced chemical equation.

The expression for Ksp of a salt is given as,

AxBy(s)⇌xAy+(aq)+yB−x(aq)Ksp=[Ay+]x[B−x]y

Explanation

Refer to the Appendix J in the textbook for the value of Ksp.

Solubility product constant Ksp for Pb(OH)2 is, for Fe(OH)3 is 1.1×10−36 and for Al(OH)3 is 1.8×10−33.

The concentration of each ion in the solution is 0.1 M.

In water Fe(OH)3 dissociates as,

  Fe(OH)3(s)⇌Fe3+(aq)+3OH−1(aq)

Ksp=[Fe3+][OH−1]3[OH−1]=Ksp[Fe3+]3

Substitute the values.

[OH−1]=1.1×10−360.13=2.22×10−12​M

In water Pb(OH)2 dissociates as,

  Pb(OH)2(s)⇌Pb2+(aq)+2OH−1(aq)

Ksp=[Pb2+][OH−1]2[OH−1]=Ksp[Pb2+]

Substitute the values

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Sect-17.1 P-17.1CYUSect-17.2 P-17.2CYUSect-17.2 P-17.3CYUSect-17.2 P-17.4CYUSect-17.2 P-17.5CYUSect-17.3 P-17.6CYUSect-17.3 P-17.7CYUSect-17.4 P-17.8CYUSect-17.4 P-17.9CYUSect-17.4 P-17.10CYU
Sect-17.4 P-17.11CYUSect-17.5 P-17.12CYUSect-17.5 P-17.13CYUSect-17.5 P-17.14CYUSect-17.6 P-17.15CYUSect-17.6 P-17.16CYUSect-17.6 P-1.1ACPSect-17.6 P-1.2ACPSect-17.6 P-1.3ACPSect-17.6 P-1.4ACPSect-17.6 P-1.5ACPSect-17.6 P-2.1ACPSect-17.6 P-2.2ACPCh-17 P-1PSCh-17 P-2PSCh-17 P-3PSCh-17 P-4PSCh-17 P-5PSCh-17 P-6PSCh-17 P-7PSCh-17 P-8PSCh-17 P-9PSCh-17 P-10PSCh-17 P-11PSCh-17 P-12PSCh-17 P-13PSCh-17 P-14PSCh-17 P-15PSCh-17 P-16PSCh-17 P-17PSCh-17 P-18PSCh-17 P-19PSCh-17 P-20PSCh-17 P-21PSCh-17 P-22PSCh-17 P-23PSCh-17 P-24PSCh-17 P-25PSCh-17 P-26PSCh-17 P-27PSCh-17 P-28PSCh-17 P-29PSCh-17 P-30PSCh-17 P-31PSCh-17 P-32PSCh-17 P-33PSCh-17 P-35PSCh-17 P-36PSCh-17 P-37PSCh-17 P-38PSCh-17 P-39PSCh-17 P-40PSCh-17 P-41PSCh-17 P-42PSCh-17 P-43PSCh-17 P-44PSCh-17 P-45PSCh-17 P-46PSCh-17 P-47PSCh-17 P-48PSCh-17 P-49PSCh-17 P-50PSCh-17 P-51PSCh-17 P-52PSCh-17 P-53PSCh-17 P-54PSCh-17 P-55PSCh-17 P-56PSCh-17 P-57PSCh-17 P-58PSCh-17 P-59PSCh-17 P-60PSCh-17 P-61PSCh-17 P-62PSCh-17 P-63PSCh-17 P-64PSCh-17 P-65PSCh-17 P-66PSCh-17 P-67PSCh-17 P-68PSCh-17 P-69PSCh-17 P-70PSCh-17 P-71PSCh-17 P-72PSCh-17 P-73PSCh-17 P-74PSCh-17 P-75PSCh-17 P-76PSCh-17 P-77GQCh-17 P-78GQCh-17 P-79GQCh-17 P-80GQCh-17 P-81GQCh-17 P-82GQCh-17 P-83GQCh-17 P-84GQCh-17 P-85GQCh-17 P-86GQCh-17 P-87GQCh-17 P-88GQCh-17 P-89GQCh-17 P-90GQCh-17 P-91GQCh-17 P-92GQCh-17 P-93GQCh-17 P-94GQCh-17 P-95GQCh-17 P-96GQCh-17 P-97GQCh-17 P-98GQCh-17 P-99GQCh-17 P-100GQCh-17 P-101ILCh-17 P-102ILCh-17 P-103ILCh-17 P-104ILCh-17 P-105ILCh-17 P-106ILCh-17 P-107ILCh-17 P-108ILCh-17 P-109ILCh-17 P-110ILCh-17 P-111ILCh-17 P-112ILCh-17 P-113SCQCh-17 P-114SCQCh-17 P-115SCQCh-17 P-116SCQCh-17 P-117SCQCh-17 P-118SCQCh-17 P-119SCQCh-17 P-120SCQ

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