For each of the following solutions, the mass of solute taken is indicated, as well as the total volume of solution prepared. Calculate the normality of each solution.

a. l5.0 g of HCl; 500mL

b. 49.0 g of H₂SO₄: 250. mL

c. 10.0 g of H₃PO₄: 100. mL

(a)

Interpretation:

The normality of the given solution is to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

The normality of a solution is defined as the gram equivalent weight of a solute dissolved in one liter of the solution. The normality of solution is given as:

N=neqV

Where,

• neq represents the number of equivalents of the solute.
• V represents the volume of the solution.

The mass of HCl dissolved in solution is 15.0 g.

The volume of the HCl solution is 500 mL.

The molar mass of HCl is 36.469 g⋅mol−1.

The dissociation reaction of HCl in water is represented as:

HClaq→H+aq+Cl−aq

The number of H+ ion released by HCl is 1.

Hence the equivalence factor of HCl is 1 eq⋅mol−1.

The equivalent mass of a substance is given as:

Meq=Mmn

Where,

• Mm represents the molar mass of the substance.
• n represents the equivalence factor of the substance.

Substitute the value of Mm and n in the above equation.

Meq=36.469 g⋅mol−11 eq⋅mol−1=36

(b)

Interpretation:

The normality of the given solution is to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

The normality of a solution is defined as the gram equivalent weight of a solute dissolved in one liter of the solution. The normality of solution is given as:

N=neqV

Where,

• neq represents the number of equivalents of the solute.
• V represents the volume of the solution.

(c)

Interpretation:

The normality of the given solution is to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

The normality of a solution is defined as the gram equivalent weight of a solute dissolved in one liter of the solution. The normality of solution is given as:

N=neqV

Where,

• neq represents the number of equivalents of the solute.
• V represents the volume of the solution.