You mix 100.0 mL of 0.100 M calcium chloride with 100.0 mL of 0. 1000 M silver nitrate. What species are in solution when the reaction is complete?

a. calcium ion, chloride ion, nitrate ion, water

b. chloride ion, silver ion, nitrate ion, water

c. calcium ion, chloride ion, silver ion, nitrate ion, water

d. calcium ion, nitrate ion, water

e. calcium ion, silver ion, nitrate ion, water

Interpretation:

The species present in the solution after the completion of the reaction are to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The molarity of a solution is defined as the number of mole of solute dissolved in one liter of the solution. The formula for molarity is given as,

M=nV

Where,

• n represents the number of moles of the solute.
• V represents the volume of the solution.

The limiting reagent of a reaction is that reactant of the reaction that controls the amount of product formed. The limiting agents limits the amount of product and by adding some more amount of the limiting reagent in the reaction mixture, the amount of product can be increased.

Reason for correct option:

(a)

The volume of 0.100 M silver nitrate is 100.0 mL.

The volume of 0.100 M calcium chloride is 100.0 mL.

The molarity of a solution is given as:

M=nV    (1)

Where,

• n represents the number of moles of the solute.
• V represents the volume of the solution.

Rearrange the above equation for the value of n.

n=MV    (2)

Substitute the value of molarity and volume of silver nitrate solution in equation (1).

n=0.100 M1 mol⋅L−11 M100.0 mL1 L1000 mL=0.010 mol

The number of moles of silver nitrate present in the reaction mixture is 0.010 mol.

Substitute the value of molarity and volume of calcium chloride solution in equation (1).

n=0.100 M1 mol⋅L−11 M100.0 mL1 L1000 mL=0.010 mol

The number of moles of calcium chloride present in the reaction mixture is 0.010 mol.

The balanced reaction between silver nitrate and calcium chloride is represented as:

2AgNO3aq+CaCl2aq→CaNO32aq+2AgCls

The complete ionic reaction between silver nitrate and calcium chloride is represented as:

2Ag+aq