(a)
Interpretation:
The curved arrow mechanism for the given reaction is to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
The reaction of carbon dioxide with water forms carbonic acid. The carbon dioxide acts as an electrophile. Lone pair of the water molecule acts as the nucleophile. The nucleophilic addition reaction takes place between carbon dioxide and water.
(b)
Interpretation:
The curved arrow mechanism for the given reaction is to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
In the hydrolysis of halo lactone, Grignard reagent is used as an intermediate. The given halo lactone is first converted into alkylmagnesium halide by reaction of halo lactone with magnesium in the presence of ether. Then, the alkylmagnesium halide lactone undergoes hydrolysis in presence of acid.
(c)
Interpretation:
The curved arrow mechanism for the given reaction is to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
The ring opening of the lactone takes place in presence of ethanol and hydrogen bromide to form bromoacid. The bromoacid formed then undergoes esterification reaction to form the bromo ester compound. The esterification reaction is the reaction in which the formation of esters from acid takes place.
(d)
Interpretation:
The curved arrow mechanism for the given reaction is to be explained and compound A is to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
The reaction of
(e)
Interpretation:
The curved arrow mechanism for the given reaction is to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
Lactones are cyclic ester compounds. Lactones are formed by the reaction between
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Chapter 21 Solutions
EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- please write clearly!arrow_forwardProvide the reagents and solvents (where appropriate) needed to bring about the following transformations. (a) CI (b)arrow_forward(3) (a) Predict the product of the reaction between benzoyl chloride and any one of the following reagents. (i) Li(Et),Cu in ether (ii) BuMgBr in ether, then H3O+arrow_forward
- (a) Illustrate the following name reactions by giving example :(i) Cannizzaro’s reaction(ii) Clemmensen reduction(b) An organic compound A contains 69.77% carbon, 11.63% hydrogen and rest oxygen. The molecular mass of the compound is 86. It does not reduce Tollen’s reagent but forms an addition compound with sodium hydrogen sulphite and gives positive iodoform test. On vigorous oxidation it gives ethanoic and propanoic acids. Derive the possible structure of compound A.arrow_forward(ii) The elimination reaction between 2-bromobutane and NaOCH2CH3 gives two organic products. Draw a mechanism for the reaction which produces the major organic elimination product and provide a rationale as to why that is the major product.arrow_forward(a) State and illustrate the following :(i) Wolff-Kishner reduction (ii) Aldol condensation(b) An organic compound (A) which has characteristic odour, on treatment with NaOH forms two compounds (B) and (C). Compound (B) has the molecular formula C7H8O which on oxidation with CrO3 gives back compound (A). Compound (C) is the sodium salt of the acid. Compound (C) when heated with soda lime yields an aromatic hydrocarbon (D). Deduce the structures of (A), (B), (C) and (D). Write chemical equations for all reactions taking place.arrow_forward
- a) Write a mechanism for the formation of semicarbazone Y.b) Explain why formation of imine Z is not favoured.arrow_forward(a) When bromine is added to two beakers, one containing phenyl iso propyl ether and the other containing cyclohexene, the bromine color in both beakers disappears. What observation could you make while performing this test that would allow you to distinguish the alkene from the aryl ether? (b) Write any three methods in detail for the preparation of aldehyde from primary alcohol. (c) State the clemmenson reduction.arrow_forwardEach of the following reactions has been carried out under conditions such that disubstitution or trisubstitution occurred. Identify the principal organic product in each case. (a) Nitration of p-chlorobenzoic acid (dinitration) (b) Bromination of aniline (tribromination) (c) Bromination of o-aminoacetophenone (dibromination) (d) Bromination of p-nitrophenol (dibromination) (e) Reaction of biphenyl with tert-butyl chloride and iron(III) chloride (dialkylation) (f) Sulfonation of phenol (disulfonation)arrow_forward
- A chemist believes the reaction sequence shown will reduce (first step) and decarboxylate (second step) the starting material to give (a). If you agree, select (a). If you disagree, select the correct product from (b), (c), and (d). он (a) OH step 1: LIAIH, step 2: heat он он (b) (c) (d)arrow_forward(a) Although phenoxide ion has more number of resonating structures than carboxylate ion, carboxylic acid is a stronger acid than phenol. Give two reasons.(b) How will you bring about the following converstions?(i) Propanone to propane (ii) Benzoyl chloride to benzaldehyde(iii) Ethanal to but-2-enalarrow_forwardThree of the following amines can be prepared by the Gabriel synthesis; three cannot. Write equations showing the successful applications of this method. (a) Butylamine (b) Isobutylamine (c) tert-Butylamine (d) 2-Phenylethylamine (e) N-Methylbenzylamine (f) Anilinearrow_forward
Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning