36. For each of the following solutions, the mass of solute is given, followed by the total volume of the solution prepared. Calculate the molarity of each solution.

a. 5.59 g CaCl₂; 125 mL

b. 2.34 g CaCl₂; 125 mL

c. 8.73 g CaCl₂: 125 mL

d. 11.5 g CaCl₂: 125 mL

(a)

Interpretation:

The molarity of the solution is to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

There are many ways to determine the concentration of the solution. One of the most used methods is molarity. Molarity may be defined as the number of moles of the solute in one liter of the whole solution. Thus, the molarity can be calculated as,

M=moles of solute moletotal volume of solution L

The conversion of liter to milliliter is as follows.

1 L=1000 mL

Thus the formula of molarity becomes,

M=moles of solute moletotal volume of solution mL×1000.

The molarity can be calculated as,

M=moles of solute moletotal volume of solution mL×1000 (1)

The formula for number of moles is,

Number of moles=Given mass of substanceMolar mass of substance (2)

Substitute equation (2) in equation (1). The formula of molarity becomes,

M=Given mass of substanceMolar mass of substance×total volume of solution mL

(b)

Interpretation:

The molarity of the solution is to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

There are many ways to determine the concentration of the solution. One of the most used methods is molarity. Molarity may be defined as the number of moles of the solute in one liter of the whole solution. Thus, the molarity can be calculated as:

M=moles of solute moletotal volume of solution L

The conversion of liter to milliliter is as follows.

1 L=1000 mL

Thus the formula of molarity becomes,

M=moles of solute moletotal volume of solution mL×1000.

Interpretation:

The molarity of the solution is to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

There are many ways to determine the concentration of the solution. One of the most used methods is molarity. Molarity may be defined as the number of moles of the solute in one liter of the whole solution. Thus, the molarity can be calculated as:

M=moles of solute moletotal volume of solution L

The conversion of liter to milliliter is as follows.

1 L=1000 mL

Thus the formula of molarity becomes,

M=moles of solute moletotal volume of solution mL×1000.

(d)

Interpretation:

The molarity of the solution is to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

There are many ways to determine the concentration of the solution. One of the most used methods is molarity. Molarity may be defined as the number of moles of the solute in one liter of the whole solution. Thus, the molarity can be calculated as:

M=moles of solute moletotal volume of solution L

The conversion of liter to milliliter is as follows.

1 L=1000 mL

Thus the formula of molarity becomes,

M=moles of solute moletotal volume of solution mL×1000.