The Science and Engineering of Materials (MindTap Course List)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305076761
Author: Donald R. Askeland, Wendelin J. Wright
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 5.16P
To determine
Activation energy for the interstitial
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Define the General Heat/Diffusion Equation ?
Mechanical Engineering
At approximately what temperature (in Kelvin)
would a specimen of an alloy have to be
carburized for 1.3 h to produce the same
diffusion result as at 760°C for 14 h? Assume
that values for Do and Qdare 3.6 x 10-6 m²/s
and 163 kJ/mol, respectively.
The diffusion coefficients for metal A in metal B are given at two temperatures:
T (K)
D (m2/s)
1283
6.55 × 10–17
1543
6.43 × 10–16
Dtermine the activation energy (Qd), the value of Do and the magnitude of D at 1463 K?
Chapter 5 Solutions
The Science and Engineering of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 5 - What is the driving force for diffusion?Ch. 5 - Give three examples of materials processes that...Ch. 5 - In the carburization treatment of steels, what are...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.4PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.5PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.6PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.7PCh. 5 - A certain mechanical component is heat treated...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.9PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.10P
Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.11PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.12PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.13PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.14PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.15PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.16PCh. 5 - Compare the diffusion coefficients of carb on in...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.18PCh. 5 - Activation energy is sometimes expressed as...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.20PCh. 5 - The activation energy for the diffusion of copper...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.22PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.23PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.24PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.25PCh. 5 - Write down Fick’s first law of diffusion. Clearly...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.27PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.28PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.29PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.30PCh. 5 - A 1-mm-thick BCC iron foil is used to separate a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.32PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.33PCh. 5 - A 0.001 in. BCC iron foil is used to separate a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.35PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.36PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.37PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.38PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.39PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.40PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.41PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.42PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.43PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.44PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.45PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.46PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.47PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.48PCh. 5 - Pure zinc is to be diffused into copper by dipping...Ch. 5 - Nitriding is a process in which nitrogen is...Ch. 5 - Determine the carburizing time necessary to...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.52PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.53PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.54PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.55PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.56PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.57PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.58PCh. 5 - Compare the rate at which oxygen ions diffuse in...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.60PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.61PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.62PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.63PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.64PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.65PCh. 5 - A 0.80% C steel must operate at 950°C in an...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.67PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.68PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.69PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.70PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.71PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.72PCh. 5 - Most metals and alloys can be processed using the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.74PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.75PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.76PCh. 5 - A ceramic part made from MgO is sintered...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.78PCh. 5 - What are the advantages of using hot pressing and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.80PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.81DPCh. 5 - Design a spherical tank, with a will thickness of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.83DPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.84DPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.85DPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.86CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.87CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.88CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.1KP
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- (c) Consider an alloy that is undergoing carburizing process, initially has a uniform carbon concentration of 0.27 wt% and is to be treated at 950oC (1750oF). If the concentration of carbon at the surface is suddenly brought to and maintained at 1.32 wt%, how long will it take to achieve a carbon content of 0.85% at a position 0.7 mm below the surface? The diffusion coefficient for carbon in iron at this temperature is 1.6 x 10-11 m2/s; assume that the steel piece is semi-finite.arrow_forwardThe diffusion coefficient of nickel in an austenitic stainless steel is 10-22 m2/s at 500°C and 10^-15 m^2/s at 1000°C. Calculate the activation energy for the diffusion of nickel in this alloy over this temperature range.arrow_forwardwhy diffusion coefficient of caarbon inBCC and FCC iron at temperature 912 is different?arrow_forward
- • Consider the radial diffusion of a gaseous species (A) through the wall of a plastic tube (B), and allow for chemical reactions that provide for the depletion of A at a rate N' A (kmol · s-1. m-3 ). Derive a differential equation that governs the molar concentration of species A in the plastic.arrow_forwardthe sample for 10 hours at 930°C to achieve 0.4% carbon, 1cm from the surface. To Consider the carbonization of steel that has a background of 0.1% carbon. The plan is to heat accomplish this, what concentration of carbon must be maintained at the surface? The diffusion coefficient is D = 2.3 x 105 m²/s.arrow_forwardWhat is the mass flow rate of zinc in the scrap brass stream (ṁZn,3) in kg/h to 0 decimal place? What is the mass fraction of copper in the mixed scrap stream (xCu,4) to 2 decimal places?arrow_forward
- The activation energy for the diffusion of C in Cr is 111,000 j/mol. Calculate the diffusioncoefficient at 827°C, grven that D at 1127°C is 6.25 * 10^-11 m^2/s.arrow_forwardThe diffusion coefficient of Ni in Cu at 1025 C is 10-9 cm2 s-1. How long does it take for the mean square root of the distance to be 1 cm?arrow_forwardThe diffusion coefficients for iron in nickel are given at two temperatures: T(K) 1273 1473 D (m²/s) 9.4 × 10-16 2.4 × 10-¹4 (a) Determine the values of Do and the activation energy Qa (b) What is the magnitude of D at 1100°C (1373 K)?arrow_forward
- Diffusion of carbon into the surface of BCC steel at 600oC for 10 hours results in a carbon concentration of 0.2wt% at a depth of 1.5 mm below the surface. At what depth will the same concentration be obtained if the diffusion time is increased to 20 hours, leaving the temperature at 600oarrow_forwardProblem 1. A sheet of BCC iron 1 mm thick was exposed to a carburizing gas atmosphere on one side and a decarburizing atmosphere on the other side at 725°C. After having reached steady state, the iron was quickly cooled to room temperature. The carbon concentrations at the two surfaces of the sheet were determined to be 0.012 and 0.0075 wt%, respectively. Compute the diffusion coefficient if the diffusion flux is 1.4 × 10 -³ kg/m²-s.arrow_forwardA plate of iron is exposed to a carburizing atmosphere on one side and a decarburizing atmosphere on the other side at 850 oC. If a condition of steady state is achieved, calculate the diffusion flux of carbon through the plate if the concentrations of carbon at positions of 5 and 10 mm beneath the carburizing surface are 1.4 and 0.8 kg/m3, respectively. Assume a diffusion coefficient of 3 x 10 -11 m2/s at this temperature.arrow_forward
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