The Science and Engineering of Materials (MindTap Course List)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305076761
Author: Donald R. Askeland, Wendelin J. Wright
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 5.38P
To determine
The minimum thickness of iron.
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Question 2: (Problem 2.6)
An optical fiber for telecommunication is made of SIO2 glass (density 2.20 Mg/m) How
many Si atoms and how many O atoms are present per millimeter of length (L 1 mm) of a
fiber 10 um in diameter (d-10 mm)?
Given
M(Si)-28.09 g mole
M(OF16gmole
Avogadro's Number AN=0.6203 (10)
Solution.
What is the volume of 3.00 moles of copper? Molar mass of copper is 63.546 g/mol and its density is 8.9 x 103 kg/m3.
An optical fiber for telecommunication is
made of SiO2 glass with a density of 3.2
(g/cm3). Given a 8 mm long and 10 µm
diameter fiber.
Calculate the number of atoms of Si in the
fiber.
Given:
Avogadro's Number NA = 0.6023 x 1024
(atoms/mole)
Molar mass:
M(Si)=28.09 g/mole
• M(0)=16 g/mole
Select one:
a. N(si atoms)=2.0153× 1016
b. N(Si atoms)=1.558 × 1016
C. N(Si atoms)=3.464x 1015
d. N(si atoms)=5.195 x 1012
e. N(Si atoms)=5.195 x 1015
Chapter 5 Solutions
The Science and Engineering of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 5 - What is the driving force for diffusion?Ch. 5 - Give three examples of materials processes that...Ch. 5 - In the carburization treatment of steels, what are...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.4PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.5PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.6PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.7PCh. 5 - A certain mechanical component is heat treated...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.9PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.10P
Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.11PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.12PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.13PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.14PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.15PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.16PCh. 5 - Compare the diffusion coefficients of carb on in...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.18PCh. 5 - Activation energy is sometimes expressed as...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.20PCh. 5 - The activation energy for the diffusion of copper...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.22PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.23PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.24PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.25PCh. 5 - Write down Fick’s first law of diffusion. Clearly...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.27PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.28PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.29PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.30PCh. 5 - A 1-mm-thick BCC iron foil is used to separate a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.32PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.33PCh. 5 - A 0.001 in. BCC iron foil is used to separate a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.35PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.36PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.37PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.38PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.39PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.40PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.41PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.42PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.43PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.44PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.45PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.46PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.47PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.48PCh. 5 - Pure zinc is to be diffused into copper by dipping...Ch. 5 - Nitriding is a process in which nitrogen is...Ch. 5 - Determine the carburizing time necessary to...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.52PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.53PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.54PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.55PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.56PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.57PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.58PCh. 5 - Compare the rate at which oxygen ions diffuse in...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.60PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.61PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.62PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.63PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.64PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.65PCh. 5 - A 0.80% C steel must operate at 950°C in an...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.67PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.68PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.69PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.70PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.71PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.72PCh. 5 - Most metals and alloys can be processed using the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.74PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.75PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.76PCh. 5 - A ceramic part made from MgO is sintered...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.78PCh. 5 - What are the advantages of using hot pressing and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.80PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.81DPCh. 5 - Design a spherical tank, with a will thickness of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.83DPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.84DPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.85DPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.86CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.87CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.88CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.1KP
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- How does atomic diffusion in solids affect the performance and reliability of mechanical components in high-temperature environments?arrow_forwardDetermine the activation energy for vacancy formation in aluminum, if theequilibrium number of vacancies at 500 °C is 7.57 × 1023 m-3. Given that theatomic weight and density for aluminum are 26.98 g/mol and2.62 g/cm3, respectively.arrow_forwardBrass is a substitutional solid solution alloy consisting of 66 wt% Cu and 34 wt% Zn. The density of the pure Cu and Zn are 8.96 g/cm³ and 7.13 g/cm³, respectively. Avogadro constant NA 6.022×1023 atoms/mol. The atomic weights of Zn and Cu are 65.38 g/mol and 63.55 g/mol, respectively. Compute the number of Zn atoms per cubic centimeter of brass.arrow_forward
- Copper at 500 °C has 1.10×1015 vacancies/cm³. The atomic weight of Cu is 63.55 g/mol and the density at this temperature is 8.96 g/cm³. Avogadro constant NA ~ 6.022×1023 atoms/mol. Boltzmann constant (K) - 8.62×10-³ ev/atom • K. (a) What is the activation energy required to create a vacancy in Cu? (b) Cu is then cooled to 400 °C. What will be the number of vacancies per cubic centimeter? Assume that the change in the density in the cooling is negligible.arrow_forwardIn copper, what percentage of the volume change which occurs as the specimen is heated from room temperature to its melting point is due to the increased vacancy concentration, assuming that the vacancy concentration is just below the melting point (1083 oC) is 10-4. Given: Assume that the linear thermal expansion coefficient of copper is 16.5×10-6 K-1 over the whole temperature range.arrow_forwardThe activation energy for the diffusion of atomic species A in metal B is 114 kJ/mol. Calculate the diffusion coefficient at 891°C, given that the value of D at 1170°C is 76.7 × 10^-12 m2/s.arrow_forward
- Gold forms a substitutional solid solution with silver. Compute the number of gold atoms per cubic centimetre for a silver-gold alloy that contains 10 wt% Au and 90wt% Ag. The densities of pure gold and silver are 19.32 and 10.49 g/cm3 respectively.arrow_forwardA metal has a certain fraction f = 105 of vacancies at the atomic level at finite temperatures. If the activation energy for vacancy formation was increased by 50%, what would be the new vacancy concentration? Select one: a. 7.43E-10 b. 6.22 E-5 C. 1.24E-6 O d. 3.16E-8 e. 5.48E-4arrow_forwardCommon aluminum foil for household use is nearly pure aluminum. A box of this product at a local supermarket is advertised as giving 75 ft°of material (in a roll 304 mm wide by 22.8 m long). If the foil is 0.5 mil (12.7 µm) thick, calculate the number of atoms of aluminum in the roll. Given: Density of Aluminum: p= 2.7 Mg/m³ Molar mass of Aluminum: MAI= 26.98 g/mol Avogadro's Number: AN = 0.6203 (10)²ªarrow_forward
- why diffusion coefficients of carbon in BCC and FCC in iron at temperature 912 c are difference? explain ?arrow_forwardSketch the T-S Diagram and label each regionarrow_forwardIn order to produce a certain semiconductor, a process called doping is performed in which phosphorus is diffused into germanium. If D0 = 2.0 x 10-4 m2/s and the activation energy is 240.6 J/mol, determine the diffusivity of P in Ge at 800°C.arrow_forward
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