The Science and Engineering of Materials (MindTap Course List)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305076761
Author: Donald R. Askeland, Wendelin J. Wright
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 5.42P
To determine
The reason that inorganic glasses form on relatively slow cooling of melts, while rapid solidification is required to form metallic glasses.
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Why is it that inorganic glasses form upon relatively slow cooling of melts, while rapid solidification is necessary to form metallic glasses?
(b) Determine the Miller indices of the cubic crystal plane that intersects the following position
coordinates: (0, 0, 1/2); (1, 0, 0); (1/2, 1/4, 0).
(c) Describe and illustrate the solidification process of a pure metal in terms of the nucleation
and growth of crystals.
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS? WHAT IS CRYSTAL STRUCTURE?
Chapter 5 Solutions
The Science and Engineering of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 5 - What is the driving force for diffusion?Ch. 5 - Give three examples of materials processes that...Ch. 5 - In the carburization treatment of steels, what are...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.4PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.5PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.6PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.7PCh. 5 - A certain mechanical component is heat treated...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.9PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.10P
Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.11PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.12PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.13PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.14PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.15PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.16PCh. 5 - Compare the diffusion coefficients of carb on in...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.18PCh. 5 - Activation energy is sometimes expressed as...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.20PCh. 5 - The activation energy for the diffusion of copper...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.22PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.23PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.24PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.25PCh. 5 - Write down Fick’s first law of diffusion. Clearly...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.27PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.28PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.29PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.30PCh. 5 - A 1-mm-thick BCC iron foil is used to separate a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.32PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.33PCh. 5 - A 0.001 in. BCC iron foil is used to separate a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.35PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.36PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.37PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.38PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.39PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.40PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.41PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.42PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.43PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.44PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.45PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.46PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.47PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.48PCh. 5 - Pure zinc is to be diffused into copper by dipping...Ch. 5 - Nitriding is a process in which nitrogen is...Ch. 5 - Determine the carburizing time necessary to...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.52PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.53PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.54PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.55PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.56PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.57PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.58PCh. 5 - Compare the rate at which oxygen ions diffuse in...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.60PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.61PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.62PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.63PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.64PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.65PCh. 5 - A 0.80% C steel must operate at 950°C in an...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.67PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.68PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.69PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.70PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.71PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.72PCh. 5 - Most metals and alloys can be processed using the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.74PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.75PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.76PCh. 5 - A ceramic part made from MgO is sintered...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.78PCh. 5 - What are the advantages of using hot pressing and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.80PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.81DPCh. 5 - Design a spherical tank, with a will thickness of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.83DPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.84DPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.85DPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.86CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.87CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.88CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.1KP
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- 4. Johnston and Gilman reported that in a grown LiF crystal that has been subjected to a constantstress of 10.8 MPa, the dislocation velocity at 249.1 K was 6×10-3 cm/s and at 227.3 K thevelocity was 10-6 cm/s. They also observed that their data suggested an Arrhenius relationshipbetween the dislocation velocity and the absolute temperature so that we can write? = ?exp ( ― ?/??)where v is the dislocation velocity, A is a constant of proportionality, Q an effective activationenergy in J/mol, and R is the universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol.K). Determine Q and A usingthe given data and the above equation. 5. A typical cross-head speed in a tensile testing machine is 0.2 in./min. (a) What is thenominal/engineering strain rate imposed by this cross-head speed on a typical engineering tensilespecimen with a 2 inch gauge length? (b) Estimate the average dislocation velocity that would be obtained at this strain rate in analpha-iron specimen with a total dislocation density of 1010 cm-2 of…arrow_forwardSilicon having a melting point of 1412ºC forms an alloy with aluminum having a melting point of 660°C. The solidification temperature of the alloy is observed to be at 580°C at which the mass fraction of silicon is 0.125. Represent the liquid-solid diagram from the given data. Determine the phases present in the following conditions:arrow_forwardDescribe the cooling of a peritectic alloy with the concentration CO and sketch the microstructure during solidification. T S+α 8 S S+B a+ß В сarrow_forward
- 7- Cooling tin metal from room temperature to temperatures below 13.2°C results in crystal change from White (B) tin tetragonal structure to Gray (a) tin diamond cubic structure. White (B) tin 13.2°C Cooling Gray (a) tin The lattice parameters of (B) tin are: a = b = 0.40 nm, c = 0.34 nm. For a diamond cubic structure: 8R=a√3 Calculate the volume change due to structure change upon cooling to temperature below 13.2 °C.arrow_forwardProblems OF T 1 Lithium at 20°C is BCC and has a lattice constant of 0.35092 nm. Calculate a value for the atomic radius of a lithium atom in nanometers. 2 During solidification, how does the degree of undercooling affect the critical nucleus size? Assume homogeneous nucleation. 3 Describe the grain structure of a metal ingot that was produced by slow-cooling the metal in a stationary open mold.arrow_forwardA 30% ethylene glycol solution in water is gradually cooled. At what temperature in degree celsius does crystallization begin?arrow_forward
- Given that the expression for the equilibrium concentration of point defects are similar for pure metals, will there be identical amount of vacancies and (self-) interstitial atoms at room temperature? Justify your answerarrow_forwardDescribe the behavior of crystal and amorphous solids when heatedarrow_forward(a) Explain the fotlowing teminologies: i. Crystallinity ii. Allotropy iii. Polymorphism iv. Coordination number 31Page (b) Copper crystallises as FCC (face centred cubic). Given that the atomic radius and density of a given copper sample are 1.28 x 1010 m and 8.98 x 10' kg/m' respectively, carry out the following: Calculate the mass of the copper sample. Take Avogadro's number, NA = 6.023 x 1023 atoms/mole. (i) If the interatomic planar spacing, d, in the sample above is 2.96 x 1010 m, determine the angle at which the first Bragg reflection will occur from the (111) plane if x-radiation of wavelength 1.52 x 1010 m is used for the analysis. (ii) (c) Give two uses of pure copper and two commercial applications of copper alloys.arrow_forward
- Can you explain the kinetics of recovery, recrystallization, and grain growth? (Draw three plots showing the kinetics of each prosess and explain the plot)arrow_forwardExplain how grain boundaries are formed upon solidification of metals.arrow_forwardWhat is slip deformation? Why does it only occur in metal and not in ionic solids?arrow_forward
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