The Science and Engineering of Materials (MindTap Course List)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305076761
Author: Donald R. Askeland, Wendelin J. Wright
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 5.77P
A ceramic part made from MgO is sintered successfully at 1700°C in 90 minutes. To minimize thermal stresses during the process, we plan to reduce the temperature to 1500°C. Which of the following will limit the rate at which sintering can be performed: diffusion of magnesium ions or diffusion of oxygen ions? What time will be required at the lower temperature?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
In precipitation hardening, after being quenched into solution, overcooling is done and then either artificial aging is done at 180-250°C or natural aging is done at room temperature, both of which occur through diffusion, where temperature and time parameters are dominant. While 180°C and 250°C provide sufficient temperature for diffusion, is it not interesting that diffusion occurs at room temperature? This is because of the thermal energy of atoms causing them to move, which may facilitate diffusion at room temperature.
The major difference between solid and fluid is the molecules are well-packed in
solid but free to move in fluid. As a consequence of such difference, which of the
following statements are correct?
(i)
Stress is proportional to strain in solid but stress is proportional to rate of
strain in fluid.
(ii)
Fluid can be used as a lubricating film to separate 2 solid surfaces from
direct contact to reduce friction.
(iii)
The energy required to move a ship slowly is low but increases rapidly
with speed.
(A)
(B)
(i) and (ii)
(i) and (iii)
(ii) and (iii)
All of the above
In a research lab where ceramics are heat treated for further application, you are presented with two
unlabelled specimens (A, B) of bio-ceramics and told that they have the same basic chemical composition,
but one has been sintered properly and the other has not been sintered at all. Sample A has larger pore
size, and somewhat smaller grains than Sample B. If all ceramics have to be heat treated, which of the
specimens need to go into the furnace?
Select one:
a. Sample A to go into furnace
O b.
Neither Sample A nor B to go into the furnace
O c.
Both Samples A and B to go into the furnace
Od. Sample B to go into furnace
Chapter 5 Solutions
The Science and Engineering of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 5 - What is the driving force for diffusion?Ch. 5 - Give three examples of materials processes that...Ch. 5 - In the carburization treatment of steels, what are...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.4PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.5PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.6PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.7PCh. 5 - A certain mechanical component is heat treated...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.9PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.10P
Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.11PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.12PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.13PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.14PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.15PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.16PCh. 5 - Compare the diffusion coefficients of carb on in...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.18PCh. 5 - Activation energy is sometimes expressed as...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.20PCh. 5 - The activation energy for the diffusion of copper...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.22PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.23PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.24PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.25PCh. 5 - Write down Fick’s first law of diffusion. Clearly...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.27PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.28PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.29PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.30PCh. 5 - A 1-mm-thick BCC iron foil is used to separate a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.32PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.33PCh. 5 - A 0.001 in. BCC iron foil is used to separate a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.35PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.36PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.37PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.38PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.39PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.40PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.41PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.42PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.43PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.44PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.45PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.46PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.47PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.48PCh. 5 - Pure zinc is to be diffused into copper by dipping...Ch. 5 - Nitriding is a process in which nitrogen is...Ch. 5 - Determine the carburizing time necessary to...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.52PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.53PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.54PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.55PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.56PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.57PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.58PCh. 5 - Compare the rate at which oxygen ions diffuse in...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.60PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.61PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.62PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.63PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.64PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.65PCh. 5 - A 0.80% C steel must operate at 950°C in an...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.67PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.68PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.69PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.70PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.71PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.72PCh. 5 - Most metals and alloys can be processed using the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.74PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.75PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.76PCh. 5 - A ceramic part made from MgO is sintered...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.78PCh. 5 - What are the advantages of using hot pressing and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.80PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.81DPCh. 5 - Design a spherical tank, with a will thickness of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.83DPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.84DPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.85DPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.86CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.87CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.88CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.1KP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- If your aim is to obtain enhanced densification rates and accelerated grain growth during sintering, which sintering method would you prefer and why?What are the stages of this sintering method?arrow_forwardSintering of ceramics may exhibit the following characteristics: Select one or more: a. It involves the high-pressure deformation of a pre-existing shape into a new form b. The total surface area (including internal area) decreases C. Pores become smaller d. Pores become larger on average Parts of the material may become amorphous Of. The surface energy of the system increases e.arrow_forwardFigure shows a device for compacting loose material such as powder. A hydraulic pressure p(t) is suddenly applied a constant valde of 23 N/m, and thus is modeled as a dten forsine ftunstien The musses of the piston, the material to be compacted, and the supporting structure have been Included in the ms m The mass m= 10 kg. ce 80 N.s/m and k= 200 N/m The area or the piston is 0.1 m?. Obtain the theoretical response xltl and also verify the response using Matlab. 5.arrow_forward
- Sintering of ceramics is characterized by: (This question has only one correct answer) а. Extrusion of a ceramic rod through a small diameter channel O b. Mixing a solid precursor with water Formation of a solid polycrystalline ceramic from a molten precursor С. O d. Decrease in surface energyarrow_forwardConsider a 2-mm-thick silicon (Si) wafer to be doped using antimony (Sb). Assume that the dopant source (gas mixture of antimony chloride and other gases) provides a constant concentration of 1022 atoms/m3. We need a dopant profile such that the concentration of Sb at a depth of 1 micrometer is 5 x 1021 atoms/m3. What is the required time for the diffusion heat treatment? Assume that the silicon wafer initially contains no impurities or dopants. Assume that the activation energy for diffusion of Sb in silicon is 380 kJ/mole and D0 for Sb diffusion in Si is 1.3 x 10-3 m2/s. Assume T = 1250°C.arrow_forwardSodium chloride (NaCI) is a ceramic that has the following crystal structure. Given: R(Na*)= 0.098 nm and R(CI")=0.181 Calculate the lonic Packing Factor (IPF) of NaCl? O Nat Select one: O a. 0.14 O b. 0.66 c. 0.51 O d. 0.74 O e. 0.41 O f. 0.47 O g. 0.21arrow_forward
- Sodium chloride (NaCI) is a ceramic that has the following crystal structure. Given: R(Na*)= 0.098 nm and R(CI")=0.181 Calculate the lonic Packing Factor (IPF) of NaCl? O Na CH Select one: O a. 0.14 O b. 0.66 C. 0.51 O d. 0.74 O e. 0.41 O f. 0.47 g. 0.21arrow_forwardAs a process engineer, you are required to deposit conformal silicon thin films with 500 nm thickness on a textured glass substrate (see Figure 1 below) using thermal evaporation and chemical vapour deposition processes. Explain the details of both processes. Contrast the properties of the silicon thin films fabricated by both processes. 500 nm silicon thin film Textured glass Figure 1. Silicon thin film on textured glass.arrow_forwardNylon 6,6 is a thermoplastic polymer with high mechanical strength, high resistance to chemical environments, and good stability under heat. Therefore, it is well suited to be used in 3D structural objects. A cylindrical nylon 6,6 pipe is made by injection molding. The pipe is 1 m long with an outer diameter of 8cm, and a thickness of 2mm. The crystallinity of the pipe is 25%. The density and associated percent crystallinity for two nylon 6,6 samples are measured as below: ρ(g/cm3) crystallinity (%) 1.190 67 1.155 44 If the degree of polymerization is 500, calculate the number of chains in the pipe. (Assume the chains are equal in length).arrow_forward
- Nylon 6,6 is a thermoplastic polymer with high mechanical strength, high resistance to chemical environments, and good stability under heat. Therefore, it is well suited to be used in 3D structural objects. A cylindrical nylon 6,6 pipe is made by injection molding. The pipe is 1 m long with an outer diameter of 8cm, and a thickness of 2mm. The crystallinity of the pipe is 25%. The density and associated percent crystallinity for two nylon 6,6 samples are measured as below: ρ(g/cm3) crystallinity (%) 1.190 67 1.155 44 Calculate the density of this pipe, which has 25% crystallinity.arrow_forwardNickel oxide (NiO) is a ceramic that has the same crystal structure as NaCl. Given: R(Ni2+)= 0.075 nm and R(02)=0.132 Calculate the lonic Packing Factor (IPF) of NiO? O Na CI Select one: a. 0.47 b, 0.74 c. 0.64 d. 0 12 e. 0.14 f. 0.21 g. 0.41arrow_forwardEXAMPLE During service, a ceramic valve which is operating at 250°C is likely to be suddenly quenched to room temperature by a flowing aqueous solution. The valve could be manufactured from either of two ceramics, designated A and B, the properties of which are given below. Discuss which ceramic you would select for the application Young's Modulus E (GNm Coefficient of thermal expansion u (K) Fracture Stress , (MNm³³) Poisson's ratio u Thermal conductivity (at 50°C) x (Wm: 'K') 120 2X10 230 0.25 14 B 350 9X104 270 0.27 Amplearrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University Press
Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSON
Thermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Control Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEY
Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage Learning
Engineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY
Elements Of Electromagnetics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Oxford University Press
Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780134319650
Author:Russell C. Hibbeler
Publisher:PEARSON
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781259822674
Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Control Systems Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118170519
Author:Norman S. Nise
Publisher:WILEY
Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781337093347
Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. Gere
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Engineering Mechanics: Statics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118807330
Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. Bolton
Publisher:WILEY
How to make metal stronger by heat treating, alloying and strain hardening; Author: Billy Wu;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7lM-Y4XndsE;License: Standard Youtube License