The Science and Engineering of Materials (MindTap Course List)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305076761
Author: Donald R. Askeland, Wendelin J. Wright
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 5.24P
(a)
To determine
The activation energy for the given dissociation coefficient values for
(b)
To determine
The constant
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Diffusion of carbon into BCC iron for 12 hours at a temperature of 500 °C results in a carbon concentration of 0.2 wt% at a depth 2 mm from the surface. How long would it take to get a concentration of 0.2 wt% at a depth 3 mm from the surface at 500 °C?
At approximately what temperature (Kelvin) would a sample of an alloy have to be carburized for 1.8 hours to produce the same diffusion result as at 900 C for 13 hours. Assume that Do = 3.6 x 10^-5 m^2/s and Qd = 160 kj/mol.
Diffusion of carbon into the surface of BCC steel at 600oC for 10 hours results in a carbon concentration of 0.2wt% at a depth of 1.5 mm below the surface. At what depth will the same concentration be obtained if the diffusion time is increased to 20 hours, leaving the temperature at 600o
Chapter 5 Solutions
The Science and Engineering of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 5 - What is the driving force for diffusion?Ch. 5 - Give three examples of materials processes that...Ch. 5 - In the carburization treatment of steels, what are...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.4PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.5PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.6PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.7PCh. 5 - A certain mechanical component is heat treated...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.9PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.10P
Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.11PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.12PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.13PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.14PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.15PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.16PCh. 5 - Compare the diffusion coefficients of carb on in...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.18PCh. 5 - Activation energy is sometimes expressed as...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.20PCh. 5 - The activation energy for the diffusion of copper...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.22PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.23PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.24PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.25PCh. 5 - Write down Fick’s first law of diffusion. Clearly...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.27PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.28PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.29PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.30PCh. 5 - A 1-mm-thick BCC iron foil is used to separate a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.32PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.33PCh. 5 - A 0.001 in. BCC iron foil is used to separate a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.35PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.36PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.37PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.38PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.39PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.40PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.41PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.42PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.43PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.44PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.45PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.46PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.47PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.48PCh. 5 - Pure zinc is to be diffused into copper by dipping...Ch. 5 - Nitriding is a process in which nitrogen is...Ch. 5 - Determine the carburizing time necessary to...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.52PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.53PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.54PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.55PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.56PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.57PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.58PCh. 5 - Compare the rate at which oxygen ions diffuse in...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.60PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.61PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.62PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.63PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.64PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.65PCh. 5 - A 0.80% C steel must operate at 950°C in an...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.67PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.68PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.69PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.70PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.71PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.72PCh. 5 - Most metals and alloys can be processed using the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.74PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.75PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.76PCh. 5 - A ceramic part made from MgO is sintered...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.78PCh. 5 - What are the advantages of using hot pressing and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.80PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.81DPCh. 5 - Design a spherical tank, with a will thickness of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.83DPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.84DPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.85DPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.86CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.87CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.88CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.1KP
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A mechanism for hardening steel is called carburization. To achieve this process, the piece of steel is exposed to an atmosphere rich in hydrocarbon such as methane (CH4). Consider a steel with a carbide concentration of 0.25wt%, which must be treated at 950˚C. If the carbon concentration at the surface is suddenly increased to 1.20wt%, how long does it take for a penetration of 0.5mm from the surface to reach a concentration of 0.80wt%? . The diffusion coefficient for carbon in iron at this temperature is 1.6 x 10-11 m2s-1. Assume that the piece of steel is semi-finite. Use the table below.arrow_forwardA diffusion couple of two metals, A and B, was fashioned as shown in Figure 5.1. After a 26 hour heat treatment at 1170°C (and subsequent cooling to room temperature) the concentration of A is 4.0 wt% at the 11-mm position within metal B. If another heat treatment is conducted on an identical diffusion couple, only at 701°C for 26 hours, at what position (in mm) will the composition be 4.0 wt% A? The preexponential and activation energy values for the diffusion of A in B are 2.4 x 10-4 m²/s and 154 kJ/mol, respectively. i mmarrow_forwardThe diffusion coefficients for metal A in metal B are given at two temperatures: T (K) D (m2/s) 1283 6.55 × 10–17 1543 6.43 × 10–16 Dtermine the activation energy (Qd), the value of Do and the magnitude of D at 1463 K?arrow_forward
- The activation energy for the diffusion of atomic species A in metal B is 114 kJ/mol. Calculate the diffusion coefficient at 891°C, given that the value of D at 1170°C is 76.7 × 10^-12 m2/s.arrow_forwardThe diffusion coefficients for iron in nickel are given at two temperatures: T(K) 1273 1473 D (m²/s) 9.4 × 10-16 2.4 × 10-¹4 (a) Determine the values of Do and the activation energy Qa (b) What is the magnitude of D at 1100°C (1373 K)?arrow_forwardProblem 2 Determine the carburizing time necessary to achieve a carbon concentration of 0.45 wt% at a position 2 mm into an iron-carbon alloy that initially contains 0.20 wt% C. The surface concentration is to be maintained at 1.30 wt% C, and the treatment is to be conducted at 1000 °C. Use the diffusion data for y-Fe in Table 5.2.arrow_forward
- Mechanical Engineering At approximately what temperature (in Kelvin) would a specimen of an alloy have to be carburized for 1.3 h to produce the same diffusion result as at 760°C for 14 h? Assume that values for Do and Qdare 3.6 x 10-6 m²/s and 163 kJ/mol, respectively.arrow_forwardQuestion 1Helium gas is contained in a cylinder by a gas-tight piston which can beassumed to move without friction. The gas occupies a volume of 1 x 10^-3m^3 temperature of 300K and a pressure of 1 x 10^5 Pa.(a) Calculate :i.the number of helium atoms in the container,ii.the total KE of the helium atoms(b) Energy is now supplied to the gas in such a way that the gas expands andthe temperature remains constant at 300K. State, and explain what changes, if any, will have occurred in the following quantities :i. The internal energy of the gasii. The root-mean-square speed of the helium atomsiii. The density of the gas.(Given : Boltzmann's constant = 1.38 x 10^23 JK^-1)arrow_forwardUsing the Tabulation of Diffusion Data, answer the following: (a) Calculate the diffusion coefficient for Cu in Al at 520'C. 7.18e-14 m2/s (Use scientific notation.) (b) What time (in h) will be required at 620°C to produce the same diffusion result (in terms of concentration at a specific point) as for 12hat 520 C? i 2.52arrow_forward
- 3. A BCC iron alloy containing 0.05 wt% C is carburized at 1050°C such that the carbon concentration is 0.5 wt% at a distance 2mm from the surface. Meanwhile, the carbon concentration at the surface is kept constant at 1.5 wt% C. a. What is the value of the diffusion constant for carbon diffusing into BCC Fe at 1050 °C? Show all work. Write the relevant equation for the diffusivity within this box: Write the values of all of the parameters in the equation above within the box below: Write your final answer for the diffusivity within this box: b. Determine the diffusion time required to achieve the carbon profile described above. Show all work. Write the relevant equation needed to solve this problem within this box: Write the values of all of the given parameters in the equation above within the box below: Write the value for erf(z) within this box:arrow_forwardRank the magnitudes of the diffusion coefficients from greatest to least for the following systems: N in Fe at 700°C Cr in Fe at 700°C N in Fe at 900°C Cr in Fe at 900°C Now justify this ranking. (Note: Both Fe and Cr have the BCC crystal structure, and the atomic radii for Fe, Cr, and N are 0.124, 0.125, and 0.065 nm, respectively. You may also want to refer to Section 5.4.)arrow_forwardwhy diffusion coefficients of carbon in BCC and FCC in iron at temperature 912 c are difference? explain ?arrow_forward
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Introduction to Diffusion in Solids; Author: Engineering and Design Solutions;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_1QmKJvNjc;License: Standard youtube license