Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The reading of the pressure gauge prior to ignition is to be determined if the room temperature is
Concept introduction:
The burning of hydrocarbon results in the formation of carbon dioxide and water. This reaction is known as combustion. Adiabatic flame temperature is the temperature at which the process of combustion occurs without the transfer of heat.
(b)
Interpretation:
The adiabatic flame temperature of cyclopentane is to be estimated by using the final pressure gauge reading of
Concept introduction:
The Kay’s rule is related to the use of pseudo critical properties such as temperature, pressure and volume for the calculation of pseudo reduced properties that can be used in compressibility charts.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
EBK ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF CHEMICAL P
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- The Dieterici equation of state for one mole of gas is p=RTe-aVRTV-b Where a and b are constants determined experimentally. For NH3g, a = 10.91 atm. L2 and b = 0.0401 L. Plot the pressure of the gas as the volume of 1.00 mol of NH3g expands from 22.4 L to 50.0 L at 273 K, and numerically determine the work done by the gas by measuring the area under the curve.arrow_forwardIn 2010, 3.30109 gallons of gasoline were consumed in the United States. The following assumptions can be made: • Gasoline is mainly n-octane, C8H18(d=0.7028g/mL). • Burning one mole of n-octane in oxygen releases 5564.2 kJ of heat. • The heat capacity C of the surface region of the earth is 2.61023 J/K. What is the increase in temperature of the surface region of the earth due to gasoline consumption in the United States?arrow_forwardSuppose that you are studying kinetic energy of helium molecules: A helium weather balloon rises to an altitude of 40,000 ft; the temperature of the gas drops to 70 F. (a) Make an appropriate choice of system and surroundings and describe it unambiguously. (b) Explain why you chose the system and surroundings you did. (c) Identify transfers of energy and material into and out of the system that would be important for you to monitor in your study.arrow_forward
- Consider 2.00 moles of an ideal gas that are taken from state A (PA = 2.00 atm, vA = 10.0 L) to state B (PB = 1.00 attn, VB = 30.0 L) by two different pathways: These pathways are summarized on the following graph of P versus V: Calculate the work (in units of J) associated with the two pathways. Is work a state function? Explain.arrow_forwardDry ice is solid carbon dioxide; it vaporizes at room temperature and normal pressures to the gas. Suppose you put 21.5 g of dry ice in a vessel fitted with a piston (similar to the one in Figure 6.9 but with the weight replaced by the atmosphere), and it vaporizes completely to the gas, pushing the piston upward until its pressure and temperature equal those of the surrounding atmosphere at 24.0C and 751 mmHg. Calculate the work done by the gas in expanding against the atmosphere. Neglect the volume of the solid carbon dioxide, which is very small in comparison to the volume of the gas phase.arrow_forwardIndicate which state function is equal to heat, q, for each process described. a. The ignition of a sample in a bomb calorimeter, an unyielding, heavy metal chamberin which samples are burned for heat content analysis b.The melting of an icecube in a cup c.The cooling down ofthe inside of arefrigerator d.A fire in a fireplacearrow_forward
- The enthalpy of combustion of diamond is -395.4 kJ/mol. C s, dia O2 g CO2 g Determine the fH of C s, dia.arrow_forwardIf the internal energy of a thermodynamic system is increased by 300. J while 75 J of expansion work is done, how much heat was transferred and in which direction, to or from the system?arrow_forwardThe octane number of gasoline is based on a comparison of the gasolines behavior with that of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, C8H18(), which is arbitrarily assigned an octane number of 100. The standard enthalpy of combustion of this compound is 5456.6 kJ/mol. (a) Write the thermochemical equation for the combustion of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane. (b) Use the standard enthalpies of formation in Appendix G to calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane.arrow_forward
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