(a) Interpretation: Flow chart for the process should be prepared. Also, the degree of freedom for the process should be determined. Concept introduction: Flow chart for the process is determined on the values of input and output that is the amount of feed entered in the reactor and product formed also helps to predict the amount accumulated during formation of product. This gives the relation,which is defined as, Input-output = Accumulation. The flow sheet for the process is shown below, For a single reaction system, the final moles of each of the components present, can be estimated by the equation: n i = n i o + v i ξ Here, n i is the final moles of the component i , n i o is the initial moles of the component i , v i is the stoichiometric coefficient of the component i in the reaction and ξ is the extent of the reaction. v i is taken as negative for reactants and positive for products. Mole fraction ( y i ) of any component is given by: y i = n i ∑ n i Here, n i is the moles of component i and ∑ n i is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Question

A chemical manufacturer produces ethylene oxide by burning ethylene gas with air in the presence of catalyst. If the conditions are carefully controlled, a substantial fraction of ethylene remains unconverted and some is completely oxidized to form carbon dioxide and water. Formation of carbon monoxide is negligible. After the gases leaving the absorber is as follows: 9.6%CO2, 3.0%O2 and 6.4% ethylene. Of the ethylene entering the reactor, what percentage is converted to ethylene oxide?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.82P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Flow chart for the process should be prepared. Also, the degree of freedom for the process should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Flow chart for the process is determined on the values of input and output that is the amount of feed entered in the reactor and product formed also helps to predict the amount accumulated during formation of product.

This gives the relation,which is defined as,

Input-output = Accumulation.

The flow sheet for the process is shown below,

For a single reaction system, the final moles of each of the components present, can be estimated by the equation:

ni=nio+viξ

Here, ni is the final moles of the component i, nio is the initial moles of the component i, vi is the stoichiometric coefficient of the component i in the reaction and ξ is the extent of the reaction. vi is taken as negative for reactants and positive for products.

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The set of equation identifying the process for the given data should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Volumetric flow rate is defined as the product of area for the flow and cross sectional velocity having unit of cubic feet/second.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The values of all equations calculated in part (b) should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Volumetric flow rate is defined as the product of area for the flow and cross sectional velocity having unit of cubic feet/second.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The value of total heat requirements in kW for methane and oxygen preheater should be determined. Also, the value of temperature attained in convertor should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The amount of heat transferred is

Q = ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

∑out nH^i is the heat of formation of products.

∑in nH^i is the heat of formation of reactants.

The enthalpies of reactants and products depends on the heat capacity and temperature.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The additional steps can be included in the absorber and stripper off gas should be explained.

Concept introduction:

Flow chart for the process is determined on the values of input and output that is the amount of feed entered in the reactor and product is formed also helps to predict the amount accumulated during formation of product.

This gives the relation, which is defined as

Input-output = Accumulation.

The flow sheet for the process is shown below,

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A chemical manufacturer produces ethylene oxide by burning ethylene gas with air in the presence of catalyst. If the conditions are carefully controlled, a substantial fraction of ethylene remains unconverted and some is completely oxidized to form carbon dioxide and water. Formation of carbon monoxide is negligible. After the gases leaving the absorber is as follows: 9.6%CO2, 3.0%O2 and 6.4% ethylene. Of the ethylene entering the reactor, what percentage is converted to ethylene oxide?

Please help me with my he. I can't seem to solve this problem. I hope you can help me This is a guide to answer the activity. HESS LAW (Law of Heat Summation) “The enthalpy change of the overall process is the sum of the enthalpy changes of the individual component steps.” - It is the standard enthalpy of Reaction, ΔHᵒ. - It can be illustrated in the following example Consider the following reactions: (a) Fe(s) + O2(g) à FeO(s)ΔHᵒ = -272 kJ (b) 2 Fe(s) + O2 (g) à Fe2O3(s)ΔHᵒ = -82.5 kJ 1. Make sure to write the balance equation. 2. The final equation requires 2 moles of FeO which means we will multiply equation (a) and its enthalpy change by 2. 3. Reverse equation (a), which means, the product goes to the reactant side, (2) (FeO(s) à Fe(s) + O2(g))ΔHᵒ = (-272 kJ)(2) = 544 kJ 2 FeO(s) à 2 Fe(s) + O2(g))ΔHᵒ = -825.5 kJ 4. Combine the final equation (a) and the initial equation (b). And then cancel the same components with same number of particles. In this…

1 mol propane (C3H8) and stoichiometric amount of oxygen (O2) needed to combust propane was preheated to 400 K. After combustion, the products released are at 1500 K. The combustion products are H2O(l) and CO2(g). With 100% conversion was achieved, estimate the total heat released. Calculate the heat requirement for a reactor in combusting 1 mol of methane, CH4, with 25% excess air until the products reach a temperature of 1000 K. The reactants entered the reactor at 298.15 K and 100% conversion of methane is achieved. Assume air is approximately 21% O2 and 79% N2 and products are H2O(l) and CO2(g). Hint for both #1 and #2 – Combustion products at 298 K is CO2(g) and H2O(l). If the exiting temperature is above 373.15 K, H2O will leave as H2O(g). Therefore, you should account for the phase change of H2O(l) to H2O(g).

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.82P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Flow chart for the process should be prepared. Also, the degree of freedom for the process should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Flow chart for the process is determined on the values of input and output that is the amount of feed entered in the reactor and product formed also helps to predict the amount accumulated during formation of product.

This gives the relation,which is defined as,

Input-output = Accumulation.

The flow sheet for the process is shown below,

For a single reaction system, the final moles of each of the components present, can be estimated by the equation:

ni=nio+viξ

Here, ni is the final moles of the component i, nio is the initial moles of the component i, vi is the stoichiometric coefficient of the component i in the reaction and ξ is the extent of the reaction. vi is taken as negative for reactants and positive for products.

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The set of equation identifying the process for the given data should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Volumetric flow rate is defined as the product of area for the flow and cross sectional velocity having unit of cubic feet/second.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The values of all equations calculated in part (b) should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Volumetric flow rate is defined as the product of area for the flow and cross sectional velocity having unit of cubic feet/second.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The value of total heat requirements in kW for methane and oxygen preheater should be determined. Also, the value of temperature attained in convertor should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The amount of heat transferred is

Q = ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

∑out nH^i is the heat of formation of products.

∑in nH^i is the heat of formation of reactants.

The enthalpies of reactants and products depends on the heat capacity and temperature.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The additional steps can be included in the absorber and stripper off gas should be explained.

Concept introduction:

Flow chart for the process is determined on the values of input and output that is the amount of feed entered in the reactor and product is formed also helps to predict the amount accumulated during formation of product.

This gives the relation, which is defined as

Input-output = Accumulation.

The flow sheet for the process is shown below,

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.82P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Flow chart for the process should be prepared. Also, the degree of freedom for the process should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Flow chart for the process is determined on the values of input and output that is the amount of feed entered in the reactor and product formed also helps to predict the amount accumulated during formation of product.

This gives the relation,which is defined as,

Input-output = Accumulation.

The flow sheet for the process is shown below,

For a single reaction system, the final moles of each of the components present, can be estimated by the equation:

ni=nio+viξ

Here, ni is the final moles of the component i, nio is the initial moles of the component i, vi is the stoichiometric coefficient of the component i in the reaction and ξ is the extent of the reaction. vi is taken as negative for reactants and positive for products.

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The set of equation identifying the process for the given data should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Volumetric flow rate is defined as the product of area for the flow and cross sectional velocity having unit of cubic feet/second.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The values of all equations calculated in part (b) should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Volumetric flow rate is defined as the product of area for the flow and cross sectional velocity having unit of cubic feet/second.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The value of total heat requirements in kW for methane and oxygen preheater should be determined. Also, the value of temperature attained in convertor should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The amount of heat transferred is

Q = ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

∑out nH^i is the heat of formation of products.

∑in nH^i is the heat of formation of reactants.

The enthalpies of reactants and products depends on the heat capacity and temperature.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The additional steps can be included in the absorber and stripper off gas should be explained.

Concept introduction:

Flow chart for the process is determined on the values of input and output that is the amount of feed entered in the reactor and product is formed also helps to predict the amount accumulated during formation of product.

This gives the relation, which is defined as

Input-output = Accumulation.

The flow sheet for the process is shown below,

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.82P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Flow chart for the process should be prepared. Also, the degree of freedom for the process should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Flow chart for the process is determined on the values of input and output that is the amount of feed entered in the reactor and product formed also helps to predict the amount accumulated during formation of product.

This gives the relation,which is defined as,

Input-output = Accumulation.

The flow sheet for the process is shown below,

For a single reaction system, the final moles of each of the components present, can be estimated by the equation:

ni=nio+viξ

Here, ni is the final moles of the component i, nio is the initial moles of the component i, vi is the stoichiometric coefficient of the component i in the reaction and ξ is the extent of the reaction. vi is taken as negative for reactants and positive for products.

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The set of equation identifying the process for the given data should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Volumetric flow rate is defined as the product of area for the flow and cross sectional velocity having unit of cubic feet/second.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The values of all equations calculated in part (b) should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Volumetric flow rate is defined as the product of area for the flow and cross sectional velocity having unit of cubic feet/second.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The value of total heat requirements in kW for methane and oxygen preheater should be determined. Also, the value of temperature attained in convertor should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The amount of heat transferred is

Q = ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

∑out nH^i is the heat of formation of products.

∑in nH^i is the heat of formation of reactants.

The enthalpies of reactants and products depends on the heat capacity and temperature.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The additional steps can be included in the absorber and stripper off gas should be explained.

Concept introduction:

Flow chart for the process is determined on the values of input and output that is the amount of feed entered in the reactor and product is formed also helps to predict the amount accumulated during formation of product.

This gives the relation, which is defined as

Input-output = Accumulation.

The flow sheet for the process is shown below,

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Answer 5

Chapter 9, Problem 9.82P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Flow chart for the process should be prepared. Also, the degree of freedom for the process should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Flow chart for the process is determined on the values of input and output that is the amount of feed entered in the reactor and product formed also helps to predict the amount accumulated during formation of product.

This gives the relation,which is defined as,

Input-output = Accumulation.

The flow sheet for the process is shown below,

For a single reaction system, the final moles of each of the components present, can be estimated by the equation:

ni=nio+viξ

Here, ni is the final moles of the component i, nio is the initial moles of the component i, vi is the stoichiometric coefficient of the component i in the reaction and ξ is the extent of the reaction. vi is taken as negative for reactants and positive for products.

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The set of equation identifying the process for the given data should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Volumetric flow rate is defined as the product of area for the flow and cross sectional velocity having unit of cubic feet/second.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The values of all equations calculated in part (b) should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Volumetric flow rate is defined as the product of area for the flow and cross sectional velocity having unit of cubic feet/second.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The value of total heat requirements in kW for methane and oxygen preheater should be determined. Also, the value of temperature attained in convertor should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The amount of heat transferred is

Q = ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

∑out nH^i is the heat of formation of products.

∑in nH^i is the heat of formation of reactants.

The enthalpies of reactants and products depends on the heat capacity and temperature.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The additional steps can be included in the absorber and stripper off gas should be explained.

Concept introduction:

Flow chart for the process is determined on the values of input and output that is the amount of feed entered in the reactor and product is formed also helps to predict the amount accumulated during formation of product.

This gives the relation, which is defined as

Input-output = Accumulation.

The flow sheet for the process is shown below,

Answer 6

Chapter 9, Problem 9.82P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Flow chart for the process should be prepared. Also, the degree of freedom for the process should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Flow chart for the process is determined on the values of input and output that is the amount of feed entered in the reactor and product formed also helps to predict the amount accumulated during formation of product.

This gives the relation,which is defined as,

Input-output = Accumulation.

The flow sheet for the process is shown below,

For a single reaction system, the final moles of each of the components present, can be estimated by the equation:

ni=nio+viξ

Here, ni is the final moles of the component i, nio is the initial moles of the component i, vi is the stoichiometric coefficient of the component i in the reaction and ξ is the extent of the reaction. vi is taken as negative for reactants and positive for products.

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Answer 7

Chapter 9, Problem 9.82P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Flow chart for the process should be prepared. Also, the degree of freedom for the process should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Flow chart for the process is determined on the values of input and output that is the amount of feed entered in the reactor and product formed also helps to predict the amount accumulated during formation of product.

This gives the relation,which is defined as,

Input-output = Accumulation.

The flow sheet for the process is shown below,

For a single reaction system, the final moles of each of the components present, can be estimated by the equation:

ni=nio+viξ

Here, ni is the final moles of the component i, nio is the initial moles of the component i, vi is the stoichiometric coefficient of the component i in the reaction and ξ is the extent of the reaction. vi is taken as negative for reactants and positive for products.

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The set of equation identifying the process for the given data should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Volumetric flow rate is defined as the product of area for the flow and cross sectional velocity having unit of cubic feet/second.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The set of equation identifying the process for the given data should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Volumetric flow rate is defined as the product of area for the flow and cross sectional velocity having unit of cubic feet/second.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The values of all equations calculated in part (b) should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Volumetric flow rate is defined as the product of area for the flow and cross sectional velocity having unit of cubic feet/second.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The values of all equations calculated in part (b) should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by:

yi=ni∑ni

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Volumetric flow rate is defined as the product of area for the flow and cross sectional velocity having unit of cubic feet/second.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The value of total heat requirements in kW for methane and oxygen preheater should be determined. Also, the value of temperature attained in convertor should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The amount of heat transferred is

Q = ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

∑out nH^i is the heat of formation of products.

∑in nH^i is the heat of formation of reactants.

The enthalpies of reactants and products depends on the heat capacity and temperature.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The value of total heat requirements in kW for methane and oxygen preheater should be determined. Also, the value of temperature attained in convertor should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The amount of heat transferred is

Q = ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

∑out nH^i is the heat of formation of products.

∑in nH^i is the heat of formation of reactants.

The enthalpies of reactants and products depends on the heat capacity and temperature.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The additional steps can be included in the absorber and stripper off gas should be explained.

Concept introduction:

Flow chart for the process is determined on the values of input and output that is the amount of feed entered in the reactor and product is formed also helps to predict the amount accumulated during formation of product.

This gives the relation, which is defined as

Input-output = Accumulation.

The flow sheet for the process is shown below,

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The additional steps can be included in the absorber and stripper off gas should be explained.

Concept introduction:

Flow chart for the process is determined on the values of input and output that is the amount of feed entered in the reactor and product is formed also helps to predict the amount accumulated during formation of product.

This gives the relation, which is defined as

Input-output = Accumulation.

The flow sheet for the process is shown below,

Answer 16

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Answer 27

Ch. 9 - The standard heat of the reaction...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.2P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.3P Ch. 9 - The standard heat of the reaction...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.5P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.6P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.7P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.8P Ch. 9 - The standard heat of combustion of gaseous ethane...Ch. 9 - The standard heat of combustion (AH°) of liquid...

Chapter 9 Solutions