Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The volumetric flow rate in
Concept introduction:
Volumetric flow rate is calculated using volume calculated by
Percent excess air is the ratio of difference between the number of moles of air feed and moles of air theoretically required to number of moles theoretically required.
(b)
Interpretation:
Rate of heat transfer from the reactor in
Concept introduction:
The amount of heat transferred is calculated by:
Where,
Enthalpy of reactant and product depends upon the specific heat and the temperature difference.
Energy Transfer for cooling is calculated as follows:
Here,
(c)
Interpretation:
State the causes of problem if the flow rate of coolant is increased and the product gases temperature cannot attain the given temperature value.
Concept introduction:
Energy Transfer for cooling is calculated as follows:
Here,
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Chapter 9 Solutions
EBK ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF CHEMICAL P
- A steady-state process to recover crystalline potassium chromate (K,CrOz) from an aqueous solution of this salt is required. Four thousand kilograms per hour of a solution that is one-third K,CrO, by mass is joined by a recycle stream containing 36.4% K2CrO7, and the combined stream is fed into an evaporator. The concentrated stream leaving the evaporator contains 49.4% K,CrO; this stream is fed into a crystallizer in which it is cooled (causing crystals of K,CrO, to come out of solution) and then filtered. The filter cake consists of K,CrO, crystals and a solution that contains 36.4% K,CrO, by mass; the crystals account for 95% of the total mass of the filter cake. The solution that passes through the filter, also 36.4% K,CrO,, is the recycle stream. 1- Draw the flowchart of the system and put all known information. 2- Calculate the rate of evaporation, the rate of production of crystalline K,CrO7, the feed rates that the evaporator and the crystallizer must be designed to handle, and…arrow_forward2. In an ethanol production plant, a separator produces a 99% ethanol product from a feedstock stream containing 85% water and 15% ethanol at a rate of 450 Ib/min. The separator has two outlet streams: the ethanol product outlet stream (99% ethanol) and a residual water stream. 30% of the feedstock is bypassed and mixed with the residual water stream leaving the separator. If 60% of the ethanol entering the separator is recovered in the product stream, determine the composition of the residual water stream just after leaving the separator and the composition of the residual stream after mixing with the bypass stream.arrow_forwardMethane (CH4) is reacted with oxygen (02) over a catalyst to produce acetlyene (C2H2) in the following reaction: 6 CHąlg) + O2lg) –→2 C2H2(g) + 2 CO(g) + 10 H2(g) If a feed containing 150 mol CHg and 50 mol O, is fed into a reactor and the conversion of the limiting reactant is 92 %, determine the concentration of CH, in the product flue gas. Give your answer as a mole percent rounded off to one decimal place.arrow_forward
- Solid calcium (CaF2) reacts with sulfuric acid to form solid calcium sulfate and gaseous hydrogen fluoride. The HF is then dissolved in water to form hydrofluoric acid. A source of calcium fluoride is fluorite ore containing 96 wt% CaF2 and 4% SiO2. In a typical hydrofluoric acid manufacturing process, fluorite ore is reacted with 93 wt% aqueous sulfuric acid, supplied 15% in excess of the stoichiometric amount. Ninety-five percent of the ore dissolves in the acid. Some of the HF formed reacts with the dissolved silica in the reaction 6 HF + SIO2 (aq) – H2SİF6 (9) + 2 H2O (1) The hydrogen fluoride exiting from the reactor is subsequently dissolved in enough water to produce 60 wt% hydrofluoric acid. Calculate the quantity of fluorite ore needed to produce a metric ton of acid. Express your answer into three significant figures.arrow_forwardMethanol (CH3OH) is produced in the reaction of carbon dioxide and hydrogen via the reaction and process given below: CO2+3H2→CH3OH+H2O The fresh feed to the process contains hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and 0.400 mol% inerts (I). The reactor effluent passes through a condenser that removes essentially all of the methanol and water formed and none of the reactants or inerts. The unreacted reactants and inerts are recycled to the reactor. To avoid buildup of the inerts in the system, a purge stream is withdrawn from the recycle. 100 mol/h of feed to the reactor (not the fresh feed to the process) contains 29.5 mol% CO2, 68.0 mol% H2, and 2.50 mol% inerts. The single-pass conversion of hydrogen is 46.71%. What is the recycle-to-fresh feed ratio?arrow_forwardThe oxidation of ethylene to produce ethylene oxide proceeds according to the equation2C 2H 4 +O 2 ! 2C 2H 4OThe feed to a reactor contains 100 kmol C 2H 4 and 100 kmol O 2. If the reaction proceeds to completion, how much of the excess reactant will be left; how much C 2H 4O will be formed; and what is the extent of reaction?arrow_forward
- Unit 7A: RA--Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry 15/20 answered Close Homework . Due in 4 hours Molten iron and carbon dioxide gas are products in the industrial iron making process which passes carbon monoxide through molten iron ore, Fe203, at 1500°C. Write a balanced chemical equation for the production of iron. Chem 7 8 9 H 4 6 1 2 3 mol y g mol-1 DI + || SHOWarrow_forwardethylene oxide is prepared by oxidation of ethylene. 100Kmol of ethylene and 100Kmol of O2 are charged to a reactor.The percent conversion of ethylene is 85 and percent yield of C2H4O is 94.12. Calculate the composition of product steam leaving the reactor .The reactions taking place are: C2H4+0.5O2=C2H4O C2H4+3O2= 2CO2+2H2Oarrow_forwardTwo-hundred fifty pounds per hour of iron pyrites containing 90% FeS2 and 10% gangue are burned with 20% excess air based on conversion to SO3. The cinder discharged from the burner contains no sulfur. No conversion to SO3 occurs in the burner. The burner gas is passed through a converter which effects a 98% conversion of SO2 to SO3. The converter gas is passed to an absorber where all the SO3 is absorbed by 80% H2SO4 solution, which becomes 100% H2SO4 solution in the process. Establish a basis of one hundred pounds of iron pyrites Calculate: (a) the burner gas analysis, (b) the converter gas analysis, (c) pounds of 100% H2SO4 produced per 24-h day, if waste gas analyzes 0.19% SO2, 4.14% O2 and 95.67% N2arrow_forward
- 2. Ethanol is produced by the hydration of ethylene according to the first reaction below. However, some of the products are converted to diethyl ether according to the second reaction. C2H4 + H20 – C,H;0H 2C2H;OH - (C,H5)20 + H20 The feed to the reactor contains ethylene, steam, and N2 An effluent analysis is given in the following table: C2H4 Component %mol H2O 45.08 With a basis of 100 kmol of effluent, determine the following: CH;OH 2.95 (C2H5)20 0.27 N2 39.12 12.58 Determine the fractional yield of ethanol.arrow_forward.edu bryuitra/courses roee_re Question Completion Status: The following process describes the complete combustion reaction of Toluene fuel C7HB (SG 0.866) with air. Liquid fuel (n1) enters the combustion chamber at 200mL/min, where it evaporated into a stream of air (n2) 15% in excess. Complete combustion reaction in which only fraction of the fuel is burned. The combustion products go to a condenser, where the unreacted fuel and water are liquified. The mass flowrate of the fuel in this steam (ma) is 50. The uncondensed gas leaves the condenser at 60 C and 0.5 atm gauge pressure. Calculate the fractional conversion of the fuel Calculate the SCMH of the air entering the combustion chamber Calculate the volumetric flow rate of the gas leaving the condenser (m³/min). a. b. C. ri4 CO2 n3 Fuel ris N2 Fuel ri1 ni4 CO2 nig O2 Combustion nig N2 Condenser air riz Chamber ng O2 ni, H,0 n3 Fuel niz H,0arrow_forwardMethane (CH4) is burned with air (79% N2 and 21% O2 by volume) at atmospheric pressure. The molar analysis of the flue gas yields CO, %3D 10.00%, O2 = 2.41%, C0= 0.52%, and N2 = 87.07%. Balance the combustion %3D equation and determine the mass air-fuel ratio, the of stoichiomet- percentage ric air, and the of excess air. percentagearrow_forward
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