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Various uses for nitric acid are given in Problem 6.43, along with information about how this important chemical is synthesized industrially. The key reactions are oxidations of ammonia to nitric oxide and of nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide, followed by dissolution of NO? in water:
Nitric oxide generated on dissolution of
Ammonia vapor at 275°C and 8 atm is mixed with air, also at 275°C and 8 atm, and the combined stream is fed to a converter. Fresh air entering the system at 30°C and 1 atm with a relative humidity of 50% is compressed to 100°C and 8 atm, and the compressed air then exchanges heat with the product gas leaving the converter. The quantity of oxygen in the feed to the converter is 20% in excess of the amount theoretically required to convert all of the ammonia to
In the converter, the ammonia is completely oxidized, with a negligible amount of
- Construct a flowchart showing all process streams, including input and output from the process and the following equipment: converter, air compressor, exchanger recovering heat from the converter product, waste-heat boiler producing superheated steam, exchanger cooling the product gas before it is fed to the absorber, and absorber.
(ix) Heat removed from or added to the absorber. Assume the heat capacity of the nitric acid solution is approximately the same as that of liquid water and the outlet temperatures of the off-gas and product streams are 25°C and 35°C, respectively.
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