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Concept explainers
Interpretation:
Concept Introduction:
Carbonyl groups are the one which contain a double bond between carbon and oxygen atom.
If a hydroxyl group is attached to a carbonyl group means it is known as carboxyl group. This can be represented as shown below,
Carboxylic acid derivatives are the ones that are synthesized from or converted to a carboxylic acid. The generalized structural representation of carboxylic acid derivatives is shown below,
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Chapter 16 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- Figure 2 shows the structure of Diidopropylphosphofluoridate. Explain how this compound inhibits chymotrypsin. CH3 F CH3 H-C-0-P-0-C-H CH3 CH3 Diidopropylphosphofluoridate (DIPF) Figure 2arrow_forwardWhich of the two structures, (Betaxolol) or (Sotalol) would be more contraindicated to treat a patient with hypertension and a history of depression, sleep disorders or psychosis? cr -o- CH2-CH-CH2-NH2-CH(CH3)2 -H2C-O-H2C-H2C- Он (Betaxolol) CH- -CH2-NH2-CH(CH3)2 OH Cr H3C-S-HN- (Sotalol)arrow_forwardConsider the decapeptide angiotensin I.a. What products are formed when angiotensin I is treated with trypsin?b. What products are formed when angiotensin I is treated with chymotrypsin?c. Treatment of angiotensin I with ACE (the angiotensin-converting enzyme) cleaves only the amide bond with the carbonyl group derived from phenylalanine to afford two products. The larger polypeptide is angiotensin II, a hormone that narrows blood vessels and increases blood pressure. Give the amino acid sequence of angiotensin II using three-letter abbreviations. ACE inhibitors are drugs that lower blood pressure by inhibiting the ACE enzymearrow_forward
- Define the following terms: a. ganglioside b. sphingolipidoses c. isoprenoid d. terpene e. mixed terpenoidarrow_forwardin Pharmacology,List three major effects propranolol will have on the human body.arrow_forwardAnother antidote for methanol poisoning is fomepizole, which is an aldehyde dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitor. Would fomepizole be more or less effective than ethanol? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forward
- Acetyl choline is produced by the incorporation of a hydroxyl a tertiary amine a secondary amine an acetyl group.arrow_forwardWhich of the following conversions require more than one step? 1. Alanine Ⓡpyruvate 2. Aspartate Ⓡoxaloacetate 3. Glutamate Ⓡa-ketoglutarate 4. Phenylalanine Ⓡhydroxyphenylpyruvate 5. Proline® glutamate O1 and 4 O 1, 2, and 4 O 1, 3, and 5 O2, 4, and 5 04 and 5 घarrow_forwardThe following structure is more active than morphine as an analgesic. H3C N. CH3 H. H3C O .. What is the principal reason for this? O The extra acetyl group binds to cell surface receptors improving active internalization. O The acetyl groups mask a polar group allowing the structure to cross the blood brain barrier more efficiently. O The extra acetyl group masks an alcohol group which would otherwise undergo a phase Il metabolic conjugation reaction leading to rapid excretion of the drug. O The acetyl groups increase the stability of the drug in the cellular environment. O ..arrow_forward
- Essentials of Pharmacology for Health ProfessionsNursingISBN:9781305441620Author:WOODROWPublisher:Cengage