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Interpretation:
Four isomeric methyl esters that have six carbon atoms and saturated carbon chain has to be given with their IUPAC names.
Concept Introduction:
Organic compounds are represented shortly by the molecular formula and structural formula. Each and every compound has its own molecular formula. Compounds can have same molecular formula but not same structural formula.
Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula. The main difference lies in the way the atoms are arranged in the structure. Isomers have different chemical and physical properties even when they have same molecular formula.
For naming an ester, it can be structurally viewed in a way that contains an acyl group and an alkyl group.
Rules to obtain IUPAC name and common name for an ester:
- Alkyl part appears first in the IUPAC name and it is followed by the acyl part of ester as a separate word.
- Name of the alkyl part in the ester is just a name of R group. It can be alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl group.
- Acyl part present in the ester is named by considering the acid name and replacing the suffix “-ic acid” with “-ate”.
- To obtain the common name the alkyl part name is the same while the acyl part name is derived from the common name of the acid by replacing the suffix “-ic acid” with “-ate”.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
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- Why should phenylketonurics avoid using aspartame, an artificial sweetener? (Hint: Aspartame is Laspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester.)arrow_forwardGive the name of two Molecules of Farnesyl Pyrophosphate:arrow_forwardWhich of the following is the correct systematic name of the disaccharide shown? OH он но но но- OH Он a-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-B-D-galactopyranose O a-D-glucopyranosyl-(1–3)-B-D-glucopyranose O a-D-gulopyranosyl-(1-4)-B-D-glucopyranose O a-D-gulopyranosyl-(1-4)-B-D-galactopyranosearrow_forward
- Following are Fischer projections for a group of five-carbon sugars, all of which are aldopentoses. Identify the pairs that are enantiomers and the pairs that are epimers СНО СНО СНО H-C-OH H-C-OH H-C-OH H-C-OH Но-С—н H-C-OH H-C-OH Но-ҫ—н Но—с—н CHOH CHĻOH ČH,OH СНО СНО СНО Но —С— н H-C-OH HO-C-H Н—С—он Но -С—н HO-C-H H-c-OH H-C-OH HO-C-H CH̟OH ČHĻOH ČHĻOH Pairs of Enantiomers Pairs of Epimersarrow_forwardWhat is the complete name of the following sugar? но он носн он Write out the words alpha and beta. This question is case-sensitive. Capitalize only the configuration designation, D or L, example: beta-D-glucopyranose.arrow_forwardDraw the structural formula for ⍺-D-glucosyl-(1 6)-D-mannosamine, does the compound have a reducing sugar? If yes, circle the part of this structure that makes the compound a reducing sugar.arrow_forward
- Give one specific sample structure (Fischer Projection or Haworth) of the following carbohydrate derivatives: - Amino-sugararrow_forwardIn observing a Haworth or cyclohexane-chair representation of alpha-d-glucopyranose, the anomeric carbon can de best identified by: a) the carbon atom which is bonded to the most H atoms b) the carbon atom which is bonded to the least H atoms c) The carbon atom which has its OH group pointing down d) The carbon atom which is bonded to two oxygen atoms Cellulose differs from amylose in that: a) cellulose has 1-6 branches while amylose does not b) amylose has 1-6 branches while cellulose does not c) amylose has alpha glycosidic bonds while cellulose has beta glycosidic bonds d) cellulose contains sulfate while amylose does not. The glycosaminoglycan (mucopolysaccharide) which is not normally associated with joint tissue is: a) heparin b) keratan sulfate c) chondroitin sulfate d) hyaluronic acid In glycoproteins, which amino acid does not bond sugar molecules? a) Asn b) Ser c) Thr d) Gly Which feature do all lipid molecules share in common? a) fatty acid molecules…arrow_forwardComplete the following table by providing the Fischer and Haworth Projections of the given sugars. In the Fischer Projection put an asterisk (*) mark in the chiral centers of the molecule. Sugar Fischer Projection Haworth Projection (Complete) alpha-anomer Haworth Projection (Abbreviated) beta-anomer L-Galactose L-Fructose D- Xylosearrow_forward
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