Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Out of the compounds
Concept Introduction:
In any polar covalent bond, the difference in electronegativities gives rise to partial positive and negative charges respectively on the cation and anions. Ionic character of a polar covalent bond is determined on the basis of difference in electronegativities. If the difference exceeds 2, compound is regarded as predominantly ionic. The ionic compounds are highly soluble in water as both are polar and thus by principle of like dissolves like the ionic compounds have appreciable solubility in water.
(b)
Interpretation:
Of the compounds
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 2 Solutions
Chemical Principles: The Quest for Insight
- Using the bond dissociation enthalpies in Table 8.8, estimate the enthalpy of combustion of gaseous methane, CH4, to give water vapor and carbon dioxide gas.arrow_forwardAluminum oxide (Al₂ O₃) is a widely used industrial abrasive(emery, corundum), for which the specific application depends onthe hardness of the crystal. What does this hardness imply about the magnitude of the lattice energy? Would you have predictedfrom the chemical formula that Al₂ O₃ is hard? Explain.arrow_forwardIf a C-O bond length is 1.66 pm and a C=O bond length is 1.52 pm, how long would the carbon oxygen bonds in the carbonate ion be?arrow_forward
- Acetylene 1C2H22 and nitrogen 1N22 both contain a triplebond, but they differ greatly in their chemical properties.(a) Write the Lewis structures for the two substances. (b) Byreferring to Appendix C, look up the enthalpies of formationof acetylene and nitrogen. Which compound is more stable?(c) Write balanced chemical equations for the completeoxidation of N2 to form N2O51g2 and of acetylene to formCO21g2 and H2O1g2. (d) Calculate the enthalpy of oxidationper mole for N2 and for C2H2 (the enthalpy of formationof N2O51g2 is 11.30 kJ>mol). (e) Both N2 and C2H2 possesstriple bonds with quite high bond enthalpies (Table 8.3).Calculate the enthalpy of hydrogenation per mole for bothcompounds: acetylene plus H2 to make methane, CH4;nitrogen plus H2 to make ammonia, NH3.arrow_forwardDraw the Lewis structures of cyanate (OCN-) and fulminate (CNO-) ions and calculate their formal charges. Discuss their stability by giving resonance structures.arrow_forwardWrite the Lewis structures for CH2N2, including all resonance forms, and show formal charges.arrow_forward
- You have been given the following; CO3^2 CO2 CO HCO2^- Put them is the order of INCREASING carbon - oxygen bond enthalpyarrow_forwardConsider hypothetical elements X2 and Y2. Suppose the enthalpy of formation of the compound XY is – 84 kJ/mol, the bond energy for X2 is 105 kJ/mol, and the bond energy for Y2 is 58 kJ/mol. A)Estimate the XY bond energy, Ed, in units of kJ/mol. B)If the dissociation of a X-Y molecule were accomplished by the absorption of a single photon whose energy was exactly the quantity required, what would be its wavelength in nm? C)Would a green-light photon (λgreen=550 nm) be able to break the above X-Y bond? Explain.arrow_forwardWrite the Lewis structures of both isomers with the formula C2H7N.arrow_forward
- Draw resonance structures for the formate ion, HCO2- and then determine the C-O bond order in the ion.arrow_forwardIf an element is bonded to 4 other atoms and has a formal charge of +1, what group must the element be in? I know that group 3A atoms are elctron deficient, and that period 3 elements and below, except for group 3A elements like Aluminum, can expand their octet because of their available d-orbital, which may not be relevant to this problem. I don't understand this question, or why the answer would be 5A. Is it because 5A have odd valence electrons, and can form free radicals, like NO?arrow_forwardWhat is the formal charge on carbon in COCl2?arrow_forward
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning