Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The molar flowrates and mole fractions of the hexane in both the streams, liquid as well gas leaving the column are to be determined. Also, the average molar flow rates of gas and liquid streams in the column are to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as
Here, ‘input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.
All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.
Average value is calculated as
(b)
Interpretation:
The mole fraction of hexane in the gas leaving the stage
Concept introduction:
In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as
Here, ‘input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.
All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.
Antoine equation is used to determine the vapor pressure of any substance at the given temperature by the equation:
Here,
For two phase binary mixture, Raoult’s law states that,
Here,
(c)
Interpretation:
The given equations are to be derived for the given conditions.
Concept introduction:
In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as
Here, ‘input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.
All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.
Antoine equation is used to determine the vapor pressure of any substance at the given temperature by the equation:
Here,
For two phase binary mixture, Raoult’s law states that,
Here,
(d)
Interpretation:
The effect of operating temperature on the given absorption column is to be examined by estimating the number of ideal stages which are necessary to obtain the desired separation.
Concept introduction:
In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as
Here, ‘input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.
All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.
Antoine equation is used to determine the vapor pressure of any substance at the given temperature by the equation:
Here,
For two phase binary mixture, Raoult’s law states that,
Here,
(e)
Interpretation:
The maximum temperature at which the separation can be achieved for the given absorption column is to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as
Here, ‘input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.
All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.
Antoine equation is used to determine the vapor pressure of any substance at the given temperature by the equation:
Here,
For two phase binary mixture, Raoult’s law states that,
Here,
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EBK ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF CHEMICAL P
- A feed mixture containing 50 wt% n-heptane and 50 wt% methyl cyclohexane (MCH) is to be separated by liquid-liquid extraction into one product containing 92.5 wt% methylcyclohexane and another containing 7.5 wt% methylcyclo- hexane. Aniline will be used as the solvent. (a) What is the minimum number of theoretical stages necessary to effect this separation? (b) What is the minimum extract reflux ratio? (c) If the reflux ratio is 7.0, how many theoretical contacts will be required? Liquid-liquid equilibrium data for the system n-heptane-methyl cyclohexane-aniline at 25°C and at 1 atm (101 kPa) Hydrocarbon Layer Solvent Layer Weight percent MCH, solvent- free basis Pounds aniline/ pound solvent- free mixture Pounds aniline/ Weight percent MCH, solvent- free basis pound solvent- free mixture 0.0 0.0799 0.0 9.9 20.2 23.9 0.0836 0.087 0.0894 15.12 13.72 11.5 11.8 33.8 37.0 50.6 60.0 11.34 36.9 0.094 9.98 9.0 8.09 44.5 0.0952 0.0989 0.1062 50.5 67.3 66.0 76.7 84.3 88.8 6.83 74.6 79.7 82.1…arrow_forwardA solution containing 100 lbm KNO 3/100 lbm H 2O at 80°C is fed to a cooling crystallizer operated at 25°C. Slurry from the crystallizer (KNO3 crystals suspended in saturated solution) is fed to a filter, where the crystals are separated from the solution. Use the solubility data in Figure 6.5-1 to determine the production rate of crystals (lbm/lbm feed) and the solid-to-liquid mass ratio (lbm crystals/lbm liquid) in the slurry leaving the crystallizer.arrow_forwardJ kg/hr of a mixture of benzene (B), Toluene (T) and Water (W) was fed to a distillation column as shown below. The mass flow rate of benzene in the top stream is 220 kg B/hr. The operation is at steady state. The mass flow rate of water at the bottom stream is 398.75 kg/hr. Calculate the unknown streams P Yw. YB- 0.7 YT Xw- 0.45 Xg= 0.35 Xr- 0.20 Mw MB = 0.19 MT a. 926.5 kg/h O b. 687.5 kg/h О с. 505 kg/h O d. 408.5 kg/harrow_forward
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