Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The pressure at which the first vapor bubble is formed along with its composition is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Bubble-point pressure is the pressure at which first bubble of vapor appears when a liquid is decompressed at a constant temperature. At this point vaporization starts.
Using a
(b)
Interpretation:
The pressure at which the last drop of liquid evaporates along with its composition is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Dew-point pressure is the pressure at which last drop of liquid evaporates when a liquid mixture is decompressed at a constant temperature. At this point vaporization is completed.
Using a
(c)
Interpretation:
The equilibrium composition of the liquid and vapor mixture are to be calculated when the pressure of the cylinder is
Concept introduction:
Using a
A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.
In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:
Here, ‘input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.
All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.
(d)
Interpretation:
The volume of the cylinder contents is to be calculated at pressures,
Concept introduction:
The volume
…… (3)
Here,
Equation of states for an ideal gas is:
…… (4)
Here,
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Chapter 6 Solutions
EBK ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF CHEMICAL P
- At 25°C, some water is added to a sample of gaseousmethane (CH4) at 1.00 atm pressure in a closed vessel, andthe vessel is shaken until as much methane as possible dissolves. Then 1.00 kg of the solution is removed and boiledto expel the methane, yielding a volume of 3.01 L ofCH4(g) at 0°C and 1.00 atm. Determine the Henry’s lawconstant for methane in water.arrow_forwardSome ions are sketched below. Rank them in increasing order of size of hydration enthalpy AHhyd That is, select 1 next to the ion with the smallest AHhyd select 2 next to the ion with the next bigger AHhyd and so on. -2 (Choose one) ▼ (Choose one) ▼ (Choose one) ▼ (Choose one) ▼ X S Note for advanced students: please compare the absolute magnitude of AHhyd For example, if AHhyd =-1 kJ/mol for the first ion and AHhyd =-2 kJ/mol for the second ion, then the first ion has the smaller AHhyd and the second ion has the bigger AHhyd C Carrow_forwardUse the T-xy diagram for mixtures of benzene (Mbenzene-78.11 kg/kmol) and toluene (Mtoluene-92.13 kg/mol) at 1 atm to answer the following question. Temperature (°C) 20 15 10 115 110 105 5 85858KOS 100 95 90 80 75 70 65 Vapor A mixture consisting of 15 moles of 60 mol% benzene and 40 mol% toluene at 90 °C, how much benzene (in moles) would need to be added to make the mixture all vapor? Liquid 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.2 0.4 Mole fraction benzene P = 1 atmarrow_forward
- For an ethanol-chloroform mixture at 545 mmHg, determine: a) The Liquid - Vapor equilibrium diagram (1pt) b) Boiling temperature with 20% mass of ethanol (1pt) c) The composition of a mixture that has gone through two distillation stages (1pt)arrow_forwardWhen benzene freezes at 5.5°C its density changes from 0.879 g cm−3 to 0.891 g cm−3. Its enthalpy of fusion is 10.59 kJ mol−1. Estimate the freezing point of benzene at 1000 atm. Answer= ???. ??arrow_forwardA mixture combining 60 mL ethanol (C₂H6O) with 75 mL water (H₂O) is prepared at 280 K. The partial molar volumes of ethanol (E) and water (W) when mixed in these proportions (right column below) and in pure form (left column below) are ethanol water pure substance molar volume 58.2 mL/mol 18.00 mL/mol partial molar volume 55.3 mL/mol 17.7 mL/mol Determine the volume of the ethanol-water mixture. [Hint: You will need to determine the moles of each component.]arrow_forward
- şvurular Posta Gönderileri Place a piece of copper in 0 Word ik: Her şey hazır 19° Gözden Geçir Görünüm Yardım When 50 g of phenol is mixed with 50 g of water at 20°C, two phases are formed. from phases one contains 8% phenol by mass and the other contains 72% phenol. The mass of each phase and this Find the masses of the components in the phases. Ne yapmak istediğinizi söyleyin (Ctrl)arrow_forwardA geochemist in the field takes a small sample of the crystals of mineral compound X from a rock pool lined with more crystals of X. He notes the temperature of the pool, 24. C, and caps the sample carefully. Back in the lab, the geochemist dissolves the crystals in 3.00 L of distilled water. He then filters this solution and evaporates all the water under vacuum. Crystals of X are left behind. The researcher washes, dries and weighs the crystals. They weigh 45.0 g. Using only the information above, can you calculate yes the solubility of X in water at 24." C no If you said yes, calculate it. Be sure your answer has a unit symbol and 3 signiicant digits.arrow_forwardHenry s law is important in environmental chemistry, where it predicts the distribution of pollutants between water and the atmosphere. The hydrocarbon methylacetylene (C3H4) emitted in wastewater streams, for example, can pass into the air, where it is degraded by processes induced by light from the sun. The Henry s law constant for methylacetylene in water at 25 °C is 601 atm, when the following form of the law is used: = k methylacetylene Calculate the partial pressure of methylacetylene vapor in equilibrium with a solution of 1.47 g of methylacetylene per 1060 L of water. How many methylacetylene molecules are present in each cubic centimeter of vapor? P methylacetylene methylacetylene methylacetylene X = atm molecules per cubic centimeterarrow_forward
- Air is a mixture of several gases. The 10 most abundant of these gases are listed here along with their mole fractions and molar masses. Molar mass Component Mole fraction (g/mol) 28.013 31.998 39.948 44.0099 20.183 4.003 16.043 83.80 2.0159 Nitrogen 0.78084 Oxygen 0.20948 Argon 0.00934 Carbon dioxide 0.000375 Neon 0.00001818 Helium 0.00000524 Methane 0.000002 0.00000114 Krypton Hydrogen 0.0000005 Nitrous oxide 0.0000005 44.0128 Part A What mass of carbon dioxide is present in 1.00 m³ of dry air at a temperature of 19 °C and a pressure of 687 torr? Express your answer with the appropriate units. ▸ View Available Hint(s) 0 Value Submit Part B μᾶ O Submit μÀ Value 3 Calculate the mass percentage of oxygen in dry air. Express your answer with the appropriate units. ▸ View Available Hint(s) B Units ? Units ?arrow_forwardUse the van der Waals equation of state to calculate the pressure P of 3.90 mol of Xe at 477 K in a 5.30 L vessel. Use this list of van der Waals constants. P = atm Use the ideal gas equation to calculate the pressure P under the same conditions. P = atmarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are true? Which are false? Why is each true or false? (e) When steam at 100°C in an autoclave is heated to 120°C, the pressure within the autoclave Increase. (f) When using the ideal gas law for calculations, temperature must be in degrees Celsius.arrow_forward
- Physical ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781133958437Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, TomasPublisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
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