The number of turns of the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway needed for the biosynthesis of a C 16 saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules has to be determined. Concept introduction: Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid. The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 25, Problem 25.98EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of turns of the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway needed for the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molecules of malonyl ACP that must be formed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of high-energy ATP bonds that are consumed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The numbers of NADPH molecules that are needed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

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Consider docosanoic acid C12H43CO2H a. Label the alpha and beta Carbons. Show the beta-oxidation in an EXPANDED structure. b. Draw each acyl CoA derived from this fatty acid. c. How many acetyl Co A molecules are formed by complete beta-oxidation? d. How many cycles of beta-oxidation are needed for complete oxidation? e. How many molecules of ATP are formed from the complete catabolism of this fatty acid? Show the complete computation. f. How many moles of ATP per gram of fatty acid is formed from the complete catabolism of the given fatty acid? g. What is the molar mass of the given fatty acid? Solution: Show here the complete computations, [from a to e]

Consider the complete oxidation of one mole of simple TAG containing behenic acid residues (22:0). I. For one mole of the fatty acid residue, determine the following: a. What is the number of ATP yield obtained from the oxidation of acetyl CoA entering the TCA cycle and ETC b. What is the number of ATP yield obtained from NADH coming from the complete β-oxidation of the fatty acid residue c. What is the number of ATP yield obtained from FADH2 coming from the complete β-oxidation of the fatty acid residue d. What is the number of net ATP yield of ATP in the complete oxidation of the fatty acid residue II. What is the net ATP yield for the complete oxidation of all the fatty acid residues of the simple TAG? (Note: glycerol backbone is not included)

The rate-limiting step in fatty acid synthesis is: a. The reduction of the acetoacetyl group to a ?-hydroxybutyryl group b. Formation of malonyl-CoA from malonate and coenzyme A. c. Condensation of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA. d. The reaction catalyzed by acetyl-CoA carboxylase.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 25, Problem 25.98EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of turns of the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway needed for the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molecules of malonyl ACP that must be formed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of high-energy ATP bonds that are consumed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The numbers of NADPH molecules that are needed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 25, Problem 25.98EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of turns of the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway needed for the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molecules of malonyl ACP that must be formed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of high-energy ATP bonds that are consumed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The numbers of NADPH molecules that are needed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 25, Problem 25.98EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of turns of the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway needed for the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molecules of malonyl ACP that must be formed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of high-energy ATP bonds that are consumed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The numbers of NADPH molecules that are needed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 25, Problem 25.98EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of turns of the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway needed for the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molecules of malonyl ACP that must be formed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of high-energy ATP bonds that are consumed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The numbers of NADPH molecules that are needed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

Answer 6

Chapter 25, Problem 25.98EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of turns of the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway needed for the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

Answer 7

Chapter 25, Problem 25.98EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of turns of the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway needed for the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molecules of malonyl ACP that must be formed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molecules of malonyl ACP that must be formed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of high-energy ATP bonds that are consumed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of high-energy ATP bonds that are consumed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The numbers of NADPH molecules that are needed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The numbers of NADPH molecules that are needed in the biosynthesis of a C₁₆ saturated fatty acid from acetyl CoA molecules have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.

The different reactions that are involved in the cyclic process are:

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 25.1 - Which of the following statements about digestion...Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 25.1 - The major function of bile released during...Ch. 25.1 - The two major products of triacylglycerol...Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 5QQ Ch. 25.2 - Hormone-sensitive lipase needed for...Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 25.2 - Which of the following is not a product of...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 25.3 - What is the intermediate compound in the two-step...

Solution Summary: The author explains the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway needed for the biosynthesis of a C 16 saturated fat from acetyl CoA molecules.

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Chapter 25 Solutions