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ChemistryIntroductory Chemistry: A Foundation9th Edition

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Chapter 12, Problem 113AP
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Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

9th Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
ISBN: 9781337399425

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Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

9th Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
ISBN: 9781337399425
Textbook Problem
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hy is the molecular structure of H 2 O nonlinear, whereas that of BeF 2 is linear, even though both molecules consist of three atoms?

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason corresponding to the given statement that is the molecular structure of H2O is nonlinear whereas the molecular structure of BeF2 is linear regardless of having three atoms in each is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The representation an element along with its valence electrons is referred to as Lewis symbol or Electron Dot Symbol. The Lewis structure exhibits the connection between atoms. Each dot around an atom represents electrons.

The geometry of molecule is determined by electron pair present around the central atom.

The formula to calculate the number of electron pairs in compound is,

Electron pairs=bond pairs+lone pairs

Generally, the shape of the molecule will be linear if electron pairs are two and the shape of the molecule will be trigonal planar if electron pairs are 3.

Explanation

Lone pair of electrons repels other electrons which distort the expected geometry of the molecule.

The structure of water molecule is shown below.

Figure 1

The above structure of water molecule indicates that oxygen is bonded with two hydrogen atoms and two lone pair of electrons present on oxygen atom of the molecule. The expected geometry of the molecule is linear but lone pairs of electrons repel the bonded electrons, which results in the formation of bent shape of the molecule.

The structure of BeF2 is shown below.

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Sect-12.2 P-1CTSect-12.2 P-12.1SCSect-12.5 P-1CTSect-12.6 P-12.2SCSect-12.7 P-12.3SCSect-12.7 P-12.4SCSect-12.9 P-1CTSect-12.9 P-12.5SCCh-12 P-1ALQCh-12 P-2ALQ
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