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ChemistryIntroductory Chemistry: A Foundation9th Edition

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Chapter 12, Problem 78QAP
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Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

9th Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
ISBN: 9781337399425

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Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

9th Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
ISBN: 9781337399425
Textbook Problem
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Although both the BF 3 and NF 3 molecules contain the same number of atoms, the BF 3 molecule is flat, whereas the NF 3 molecule is trigonal pyramidal. Explain.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The explanation corresponding to the fact that the structure of BF3 molecule is flat and the structure of NF3 molecule is trigonal pyramidal even though both the molecules have same number of atoms is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The representation an element along with its valence electrons is referred as Lewis symbol or Electron Dot Symbol. The Lewis structure exhibits the connection between atoms. Each dot around an atom represents electrons.

The geometry of molecule is determined by electron pair present around the central atom.

The formula to calculate number of electron pairs in compound is,

Electron pair=bond pair+lone pair

If electron pairs are 2 then shape of the molecule will be linear.

Similarly, if electron pairs are 3, then shape of the molecule will be trigonal planar.

Explanation

Both BF3 and NF3 have four atoms.

The structure of BF3 molecule is shown below.

Figure 1

The electronic configuration of boron atom is 1s22s22p1. It indicates that there are three electrons in the valence shell of boron. All the three valence electrons of boron combine with one valence electron of each fluorine atom. Thus, boron atom does not possess a lone pair of electrons on it. Beside this, Boron in BF3 has sp2 hybridization. It leads to the formation of flat structure of BF3 molecule.

The structure of NF3 molecule is shown below.

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Sect-12.2 P-1CTSect-12.2 P-12.1SCSect-12.5 P-1CTSect-12.6 P-12.2SCSect-12.7 P-12.3SCSect-12.7 P-12.4SCSect-12.9 P-1CTSect-12.9 P-12.5SCCh-12 P-1ALQCh-12 P-2ALQ
Ch-12 P-3ALQCh-12 P-4ALQCh-12 P-5ALQCh-12 P-6ALQCh-12 P-7ALQCh-12 P-8ALQCh-12 P-9ALQCh-12 P-10ALQCh-12 P-11ALQCh-12 P-12ALQCh-12 P-13ALQCh-12 P-14ALQCh-12 P-15ALQCh-12 P-16ALQCh-12 P-17ALQCh-12 P-18ALQCh-12 P-19ALQCh-12 P-20ALQCh-12 P-21ALQCh-12 P-22ALQCh-12 P-1QAPCh-12 P-2QAPCh-12 P-3QAPCh-12 P-4QAPCh-12 P-5QAPCh-12 P-6QAPCh-12 P-7QAPCh-12 P-8QAPCh-12 P-9QAPCh-12 P-10QAPCh-12 P-11QAPCh-12 P-12QAPCh-12 P-13QAPCh-12 P-14QAPCh-12 P-15QAPCh-12 P-16QAPCh-12 P-17QAPCh-12 P-18QAPCh-12 P-19QAPCh-12 P-20QAPCh-12 P-21QAPCh-12 P-22QAPCh-12 P-23QAPCh-12 P-24QAPCh-12 P-25QAPCh-12 P-26QAPCh-12 P-27QAPCh-12 P-28QAPCh-12 P-29QAPCh-12 P-30QAPCh-12 P-31QAPCh-12 P-32QAPCh-12 P-33QAPCh-12 P-34QAPCh-12 P-35QAPCh-12 P-36QAPCh-12 P-37QAPCh-12 P-38QAPCh-12 P-39QAPCh-12 P-40QAPCh-12 P-41QAPCh-12 P-42QAPCh-12 P-43QAPCh-12 P-44QAPCh-12 P-45QAPCh-12 P-46QAPCh-12 P-47QAPCh-12 P-48QAPCh-12 P-49QAPCh-12 P-50QAPCh-12 P-51QAPCh-12 P-52QAPCh-12 P-53QAPCh-12 P-54QAPCh-12 P-55QAPCh-12 P-56QAPCh-12 P-57QAPCh-12 P-58QAPCh-12 P-59QAPCh-12 P-60QAPCh-12 P-61QAPCh-12 P-62QAPCh-12 P-63QAPCh-12 P-64QAPCh-12 P-65QAPCh-12 P-66QAPCh-12 P-67QAPCh-12 P-68QAPCh-12 P-69QAPCh-12 P-70QAPCh-12 P-71QAPCh-12 P-72QAPCh-12 P-73QAPCh-12 P-74QAPCh-12 P-75QAPCh-12 P-76QAPCh-12 P-77QAPCh-12 P-78QAPCh-12 P-79QAPCh-12 P-80QAPCh-12 P-81QAPCh-12 P-82QAPCh-12 P-83QAPCh-12 P-84QAPCh-12 P-85QAPCh-12 P-86QAPCh-12 P-87QAPCh-12 P-88QAPCh-12 P-89APCh-12 P-90APCh-12 P-91APCh-12 P-92APCh-12 P-93APCh-12 P-94APCh-12 P-95APCh-12 P-96APCh-12 P-97APCh-12 P-98APCh-12 P-99APCh-12 P-100APCh-12 P-101APCh-12 P-102APCh-12 P-103APCh-12 P-104APCh-12 P-105APCh-12 P-106APCh-12 P-107APCh-12 P-108APCh-12 P-109APCh-12 P-110APCh-12 P-111APCh-12 P-112APCh-12 P-113APCh-12 P-114APCh-12 P-115APCh-12 P-116APCh-12 P-117APCh-12 P-118APCh-12 P-119APCh-12 P-120APCh-12 P-121APCh-12 P-122APCh-12 P-123CPCh-12 P-124CPCh-12 P-125CPCh-12 P-126CPCh-12 P-127CPCh-12 P-128CPCh-12 P-1CRCh-12 P-2CRCh-12 P-3CRCh-12 P-4CRCh-12 P-5CRCh-12 P-6CRCh-12 P-7CRCh-12 P-8CRCh-12 P-9CRCh-12 P-10CRCh-12 P-11CRCh-12 P-12CRCh-12 P-13CRCh-12 P-14CRCh-12 P-15CRCh-12 P-16CRCh-12 P-17CRCh-12 P-18CRCh-12 P-19CRCh-12 P-20CRCh-12 P-21CRCh-12 P-22CRCh-12 P-23CRCh-12 P-24CRCh-12 P-25CRCh-12 P-26CRCh-12 P-27CRCh-12 P-28CRCh-12 P-29CRCh-12 P-30CRCh-12 P-31CRCh-12 P-32CRCh-12 P-33CRCh-12 P-34CRCh-12 P-35CRCh-12 P-36CRCh-12 P-37CRCh-12 P-38CRCh-12 P-39CRCh-12 P-40CRCh-12 P-41CRCh-12 P-42CRCh-12 P-43CRCh-12 P-44CRCh-12 P-45CRCh-12 P-46CRCh-12 P-47CRCh-12 P-48CR

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