trong>Exercise 12.4 Write the Lewis structures fear the following molecules:

msp;  a .  NF 3       d .  PH 3         g .  NH 4 +   b .  O 2           e .  H 2 S         h .  CIO 3 −   c .  CO         f .  SO 4 2 −       i .  SO 2

(a)

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure for NF3 is to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

The representation of a symbol of an element along with its valence electrons as dots surrounding a symbolis referred to as Lewis symbol or Electron Dot Symbol. The Lewis structure exhibits the connection between atoms. Each dot around an atom represents electrons. If there are seven dots, it shows that seven electrons are present.

The number of valence electrons in nitrogen is 5 and the number of valence electrons in fluorine is 7.

Total valence electrons in NF3 is,

Total valence electrons=n(Valence electrons in N)+n(Valence electrons in F)

Where,

• n is the number of atoms.

Substitute the values of n, valence electrons of N and F in the above expression

(b)

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure for O2 is to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

The solid line in Lewis structures indicates the connectivity between atoms. Each dot around an atom represents electrons. If there are seven dots, it shows that seven electrons are present. In Lewis symbol, the elements and valence electrons are represented by their symbol and dots respectively.

(c)

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure for CO is to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

The solid line in Lewis structures indicates the connectivity between atoms. Each dot around an atom represents electrons. If there are seven dots, it shows that seven electrons are present. In Lewis symbol, the elements and valence electrons are represented by their symbol and dots respectively.

(d)

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure for PH3 is to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

The solid line in Lewis structures indicates the connectivity between atoms. Each dot around an atom represents electrons. If there are seven dots, it shows that seven electrons are present. In Lewis symbol, the elements and valence electrons are represented by their symbol and dots respectively.

(e)

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure for H2S is to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

The solid line in Lewis structures indicates the connectivity between atoms. Each dot around an atom represents electrons. If there are seven dots, it shows that seven electrons are present. In Lewis symbol, the elements and valence electrons are representedby their symbol and dots respectively.

(f)

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure for SO42− is to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

The solid line in Lewis structures indicates the connectivity between atoms. Each dot around an atom represents electrons. If there are seven dots, it shows that seven electrons are present. In Lewis symbol, the elements and valence electrons are represented by their symbol and dots respectively.

(g)

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure for NH4+ is to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

The solid line in Lewis structures indicates the connectivity between atoms. Each dot around an atom represents electrons. If there are seven dots, it shows that seven electrons are present. In Lewis symbol, the elements and valence electrons are represented by their symbol and dots respectively.

(h)

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure for ClO3− is to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

The solid line in Lewis structures indicates the connectivity between atoms. Each dot around an atom represents electrons. If there are seven dots, it shows that seven electrons are present. In Lewis symbol, the elements and valence electrons are represented by their symbol and dots respectively.

(i)

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure for SO2 is to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

The solid line in Lewis structures indicates the connectivity between atoms. Each dot around an atom represents electrons. If there are seven dots, it shows that seven electrons are present. In Lewis symbol, the elements and valence electrons are represented by their symbol and dots respectively.