On the basis of the electronegativity values given in Fig. 12.3, indicate whether each of the following bonds would be expected to be ionic, covalent, or polar covalent.

msp;  a .  H — O                               c .  H — H b .  O — O                               d .  H — Cl

(a)

Interpretation:

On the basis of electronegativity values, whether the given bond would be ionic, covalent, or polar covalent is to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The chemical bond that exists between two atoms in which electrons are distributed in an unequal amount is known as polar bond. Due to this unequal distribution of electrons, the molecule will possess the dipole moment in which one end will have partial positive charge and other end will have partial negative charge.

The ability that is possessed by an atom to attract the bonding pair of electrons towards itself is known as electronegativity. The electronegativity decreases while going down the group and increases while moving from left to right in the period.

The bonding in H−O is covalent bonding as oxygen and hydrogen are sharing electrons.

The electronegativity value of hydrogen is 2

(b)

Interpretation:

On the basis of electronegativity values, whether the given bond would be ionic, covalent, or polar covalent is to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The chemical bond that exists between two atoms in which electrons are distributed in an unequal amount is known as polar bond. Due to this unequal distribution of electrons, the molecule will possess the dipole moment in which one end will have partial positive charge and other end will have partial negative charge.

The ability that is possessed by an atom to attract the bonding pair of electrons towards itself is known as electronegativity. The electronegativity decreases while going down the group and increases while moving from left to right in the period.

(c)

Interpretation:

On the basis of electronegativity values, whether the given bond would be ionic, covalent, or polar covalent is to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The chemical bond that exists between two atoms in which electrons are distributed in an unequal amount is known as polar bond. Due to this unequal distribution of electrons, the molecule will possess the dipole moment in which one end will have partial positive charge and other end will have partial negative charge.

The ability that is possessed by an atom to attract the bonding pair of electrons towards itself is known as electronegativity. The electronegativity decreases while going down the group and increases while moving from left to right in the period.

(d)

Interpretation:

On the basis of electronegativity values, whether the given bond would be ionic, covalent, or polar covalent is to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The chemical bond that exists between two atoms in which electrons are distributed in an unequal amount is known as polar bond. Due to this unequal distribution of electrons, the molecule will possess the dipole moment in which one end will have partial positive charge and other end will have partial negative charge.

The ability that is possessed by an atom to attract the bonding pair of electrons towards itself is known as electronegativity. The electronegativity decreases while going down the group and increases while moving from left to right in the period.