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ChemistryIntroductory Chemistry: A Foundation9th Edition

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Chapter 12, Problem 77QAP
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Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

9th Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
ISBN: 9781337399425

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Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

9th Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
ISBN: 9781337399425
Textbook Problem

Although the valence electron pairs in ammonia have a tetrahedral arrangement me overall geometric structure of the ammonia molecule is not described as being tetrahedral. Explain.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The explanation corresponding to the given statement that the valence electrons in ammonia have tetrahedral arrangement but the overall geometry of molecule is not described as tetrahedral is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The representation of an element along with its valence electrons is referred to as Lewis symbol or Electron Dot Symbol. The Lewis structure exhibits the connection between atoms. Each dot around an atom represents electrons.

The geometry of molecule is determined by electron pair present around the central atom.

The formula to calculate electron pairs in compound is,

Electron pair=bond pair+lone pair

If electron pairs are 2 then shape of the molecule will be linear.

Similarly, if electron pairs are 3, then shape of the molecule will be trigonal planar.

Explanation

The electronic configuration of nitrogen atom is 1s22s22p3. It indicates that there are five electrons in the valence shell of nitrogen. The arrangement of valence electrons around nitrogen atom is shown below.

Figure 1

The three valence electrons of nitrogen combine with three valence electrons of hydrogen atom, which results in formation of three bond pairs and one lone pair around nitrogen atom in NH3 molecule as shown below

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Sect-12.2 P-1CTSect-12.2 P-12.1SCSect-12.5 P-1CTSect-12.6 P-12.2SCSect-12.7 P-12.3SCSect-12.7 P-12.4SCSect-12.9 P-1CTSect-12.9 P-12.5SCCh-12 P-1ALQCh-12 P-2ALQ
Ch-12 P-3ALQCh-12 P-4ALQCh-12 P-5ALQCh-12 P-6ALQCh-12 P-7ALQCh-12 P-8ALQCh-12 P-9ALQCh-12 P-10ALQCh-12 P-11ALQCh-12 P-12ALQCh-12 P-13ALQCh-12 P-14ALQCh-12 P-15ALQCh-12 P-16ALQCh-12 P-17ALQCh-12 P-18ALQCh-12 P-19ALQCh-12 P-20ALQCh-12 P-21ALQCh-12 P-22ALQCh-12 P-1QAPCh-12 P-2QAPCh-12 P-3QAPCh-12 P-4QAPCh-12 P-5QAPCh-12 P-6QAPCh-12 P-7QAPCh-12 P-8QAPCh-12 P-9QAPCh-12 P-10QAPCh-12 P-11QAPCh-12 P-12QAPCh-12 P-13QAPCh-12 P-14QAPCh-12 P-15QAPCh-12 P-16QAPCh-12 P-17QAPCh-12 P-18QAPCh-12 P-19QAPCh-12 P-20QAPCh-12 P-21QAPCh-12 P-22QAPCh-12 P-23QAPCh-12 P-24QAPCh-12 P-25QAPCh-12 P-26QAPCh-12 P-27QAPCh-12 P-28QAPCh-12 P-29QAPCh-12 P-30QAPCh-12 P-31QAPCh-12 P-32QAPCh-12 P-33QAPCh-12 P-34QAPCh-12 P-35QAPCh-12 P-36QAPCh-12 P-37QAPCh-12 P-38QAPCh-12 P-39QAPCh-12 P-40QAPCh-12 P-41QAPCh-12 P-42QAPCh-12 P-43QAPCh-12 P-44QAPCh-12 P-45QAPCh-12 P-46QAPCh-12 P-47QAPCh-12 P-48QAPCh-12 P-49QAPCh-12 P-50QAPCh-12 P-51QAPCh-12 P-52QAPCh-12 P-53QAPCh-12 P-54QAPCh-12 P-55QAPCh-12 P-56QAPCh-12 P-57QAPCh-12 P-58QAPCh-12 P-59QAPCh-12 P-60QAPCh-12 P-61QAPCh-12 P-62QAPCh-12 P-63QAPCh-12 P-64QAPCh-12 P-65QAPCh-12 P-66QAPCh-12 P-67QAPCh-12 P-68QAPCh-12 P-69QAPCh-12 P-70QAPCh-12 P-71QAPCh-12 P-72QAPCh-12 P-73QAPCh-12 P-74QAPCh-12 P-75QAPCh-12 P-76QAPCh-12 P-77QAPCh-12 P-78QAPCh-12 P-79QAPCh-12 P-80QAPCh-12 P-81QAPCh-12 P-82QAPCh-12 P-83QAPCh-12 P-84QAPCh-12 P-85QAPCh-12 P-86QAPCh-12 P-87QAPCh-12 P-88QAPCh-12 P-89APCh-12 P-90APCh-12 P-91APCh-12 P-92APCh-12 P-93APCh-12 P-94APCh-12 P-95APCh-12 P-96APCh-12 P-97APCh-12 P-98APCh-12 P-99APCh-12 P-100APCh-12 P-101APCh-12 P-102APCh-12 P-103APCh-12 P-104APCh-12 P-105APCh-12 P-106APCh-12 P-107APCh-12 P-108APCh-12 P-109APCh-12 P-110APCh-12 P-111APCh-12 P-112APCh-12 P-113APCh-12 P-114APCh-12 P-115APCh-12 P-116APCh-12 P-117APCh-12 P-118APCh-12 P-119APCh-12 P-120APCh-12 P-121APCh-12 P-122APCh-12 P-123CPCh-12 P-124CPCh-12 P-125CPCh-12 P-126CPCh-12 P-127CPCh-12 P-128CPCh-12 P-1CRCh-12 P-2CRCh-12 P-3CRCh-12 P-4CRCh-12 P-5CRCh-12 P-6CRCh-12 P-7CRCh-12 P-8CRCh-12 P-9CRCh-12 P-10CRCh-12 P-11CRCh-12 P-12CRCh-12 P-13CRCh-12 P-14CRCh-12 P-15CRCh-12 P-16CRCh-12 P-17CRCh-12 P-18CRCh-12 P-19CRCh-12 P-20CRCh-12 P-21CRCh-12 P-22CRCh-12 P-23CRCh-12 P-24CRCh-12 P-25CRCh-12 P-26CRCh-12 P-27CRCh-12 P-28CRCh-12 P-29CRCh-12 P-30CRCh-12 P-31CRCh-12 P-32CRCh-12 P-33CRCh-12 P-34CRCh-12 P-35CRCh-12 P-36CRCh-12 P-37CRCh-12 P-38CRCh-12 P-39CRCh-12 P-40CRCh-12 P-41CRCh-12 P-42CRCh-12 P-43CRCh-12 P-44CRCh-12 P-45CRCh-12 P-46CRCh-12 P-47CRCh-12 P-48CR

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