EBK ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF CHEMICAL P
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781119192107
Author: BULLARD
Publisher: JOHN WILEY+SONS,INC.-CONSIGNMENT
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 4.55P
A stream containing H2S and inert gases and a second stream of pure SO2 are fed to a sulfur recover)' reactor, where the reaction
2H2S + SO2 -» 3S + 2H2O
takes place. The feed rates are adjusted so that the ratio of H2S to SO2 in the combined feed is always stoichiometric.
In the normal operation of the reactor the flow rate and composition of the H2S feed stream both fluctuate. In the past, each time either variable changed the required SO2 feed rate had to be reset by adjusting a valve in the feed line. A control system has been installed to automate this process. The H2S feed stream passes through an electronic flowmeter that transmits a signal Rf directly proportional to the molar flow rate of the stream, h{. When = 100 kmol/h, the transmitted signal R(= 15 mV. The mole fraction of H2S in this stream is measured with a thermal conductivity detector, which transmits a signal /fa. Analyzer calibration data are as follows:
| fla(mV) | 0 | 25.4 | 42.8 | 58.0 | 71.9 | 85.1 |
| x(mol H2S/mol) | 0.00 | 0.20 | 0.40 | 0.60 | 0.80 | 1.00 |
The controller takes as input the transmitted values of Rf and R3and calculates and transmits a voltage signal j?c to a flow control valve in the SO2 line, which opens and closes to an extent dependent on the value of Rc. A plot of the SO2 flow rate. fic, versus Rcon rectangular coordinates is a straight line through the points (Rc= 10.0mV.hc= 25.0kmol/h) and (/<. = 25.0mV.hc = 60.0kmol/h).
- Why would it be important to feed the reactants in stoichiometric proportion? (Hint: SO2 and especially H2S are serious pollutants.) What are several likely reasons for wanting to automate the SO2 feed rate adjustment?
- If the first stream contains 85.0 mole% H2S and enters the unit at a rate of hf = 3.00 X 102 kmol/h, what must the value of nt(kmol SO2/h) be?
- Fit a function to the H2S analyzer calibration data to derive an expression for x as a function of Rt. Check the fit by plotting both the function and the calibration data on the same graph.
- Derive a formula for Rcfrom specified values of Rf and Ra, using the result of Part (c) in the derivation. (This formula would be built into the controller.) Test the formula using the flow rate and composition data of Part (a).
- The system has been installed and made operational, and at some point the concentration of H2S in the feed stream suddenly changes. A sample of the blended gas is collected and analyzed a short time later and the mole ratio of H2S to SO2 is not the required 2:1. List as many possible reasons as you can think of for this apparent failure of the control system.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
EBK ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF CHEMICAL P
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