Ethanol can be produced commercially by the hydration of ethylene:
C2H4 + H2O -* C2H5OH
Some of the product is converted to diethyl ether in the side reaction 2C2H5OH - (C2H5)2O + H2O
The feed to the reactor contains ethylene, steam, and an inert gas. A sample of the reactor effluent gas is analyzed and found to contain 43.3 mole% ethylene, 2.5% ethanol, 0.14% ether, 9.3% inerts, and the balance water.
- Take as a basis 100 mol of effluent gas, draw and label a flowchart, and do a degree-of-ffeedom analysis based on atomic species to prove that the system has zero degrees of freedom.15
- Calculate the molar composition of the reactor feed, the percentage conversion of ethylene, the fractional yield of ethanol, and the selectivity of ethanol production relative to ether production.
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