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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: To identify the number of steps in glycolysis that consume ATP.
Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule breaks down into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.
The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:
A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a molecule that is defined as the energy currency of life and provides energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells. It is converted either to adenosine monophosphate (AMP) or to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) after the consumption in the metabolic processes.
(b)
Interpretation: To identify the number of steps in glycolysis that involve oxidation.
Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule breaks down into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.
The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:
(c)
Interpretation: To identify the number of steps in glycolysis that involve NADH as a reactant.
Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule breaks down into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.
The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:
A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is associated with the
(d)
Interpretation: To identify the number of steps in glycolysis that involve a compound with a high-energy bond as a product.
Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule breaks down into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.
The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:
High energy compounds are those compounds that release a large amount of energy upon hydrolysis. These compounds consist of highly strained bonds that are responsible for the release of a high amount of energy. The compounds containing a phosphate group are examples of high energy compounds.
A high-energy phosphate group is formed when a phosphate group is attached to a carbon atom participating in carbon-oxygen or carbon-carbon double bond.
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Chapter 24 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- Which of the following statement about ATP formation in Glycolysis is True? a. Four ATP molecules are used in the Glycolysis of one molecule of Glucose b. Three ATP molecules are formed in the Glycolysis of one molecule of Glucose c. Two ATP molecules are used in the Glycolysis of one molecule of Glucose d. Two ATP molecules are formed in the Glycolysis of one molecule of Glucosearrow_forwardWhich of the following is one difference between fermentation and anaerobic respiration? a. Fermentation uses oxygen to produce ATP and anaerobic respiration does not b. Fermentation harvests more energy from each sugar molecule than anaerobic respiration. c. Anaerobic respiration utilizes an electron transport chain while fermentation does not d. Anaerobic respiration utilizes glycolysis while fermentation does not.arrow_forwardDiscuss briefly but concisely the importance of the following metabolic pathway. A. Glycolysis B. Krebs Cycle C. Electron Transport Chain D. Gluconeogenesisarrow_forward
- A total of 32 mol of ATP can be produced by the complete oxidation of 1 mol of glucose in the liver. Indicate the number of these moles of ATP produced by a. glycolysis b. the citric acid cycle c. the electron transport chain and oxidative d. phosphorylationarrow_forwardIn the net reaction of glycolysis, which of the following is a term on the product side? a. 2 NADH b. glucose c. O2 d. 2 NAD+ e. 2 acetyl CoAarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is TRUE in describing the activity of the lactaseenzyme? A. Lactase is converted to glucoseB. One lactase enzyme can catalyze many reactions C. The shape of lactase does not change during the reaction D. Lactase can function effectively at many different pH levelsarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements concerning ATP is true? a. The free energy value for the hydrolysis of ATP is nearly the same for ADP. b. The free energy value for the hydrolysis of ATP is greater than that for ADP. c. ATP hydrolysis is more likely at pH 5 than at pH 7. d. One mole of glycerate-1,3-bisphosphate can phosphorylate one mole of AMP to yield ATP.arrow_forwardDuring which of the following conversions in Glycolysis is ATP generated? (more than one answer) a. 1,3-bisphophoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate b. Phosphoenolpyruvate to Pyruvate c. Fructose 6-Phosphate to Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate d. Glucose to Glucose 6-phosphatearrow_forwardWhich of the following metabolic pathways is common in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. a. the citric acid cycle b.glycolysis c.electron transport chain d. oxidative phosphorylationarrow_forward
- dipeptide + H2O → 2 amino acidsAn enzyme that catalyzes the reaction above would be called a a. hydrolase b. dehydrogenase c. lyase d. synthetasearrow_forwardWith regards to glycolysis, all of the following statements are FALSE except . a. glycolysis does not require oxygen o b. 4 net ATP are formed O c. 2 ATP gre formed in the energy payoff phase d. 1 ATP are used in the energy payoff phase e. glycolysis occurs in the mitochondriaarrow_forwardWhich one of the following buffers the concentration of ATP? Select one: a. Glycolysis b. Acidosis O c. Phosphocreatine O d. Oxidative phosphorylation e. Acetyl coenzyme Aarrow_forward
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