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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: To indicate whether
Concept introduction: Glycogenesis is the
Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that breaks down a glucose molecule and converts it into two pyruvate molecules along with the production of two ATP molecules and NADH reduced coenzymes.
(b)
Interpretation: To indicate whether glucose is associated with (1) glycolysis, (2) glycogenesis, or (3) glycogenolysis.
Concept introduction: Glycogenesis is the metabolic pathway that converts
Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula
(c)
Interpretation: To indicate whether phosphoglucoisomerase is associated with (1) glycolysis, (2) glycogenesis, or (3) glycogenolysis.
Concept introduction: Glycogenesis is the metabolic pathway that converts
Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that breaks down a glucose molecule and converts it into two pyruvate molecules along with the production of two ATP molecules and NADH reduced coenzymes.
(d)
Interpretation: To indicate whether is associated with (1) glycolysis, (2) glycogenesis, or glycogenolysis.
Concept introduction: Glycogenesis is the metabolic pathway that converts
Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that breaks down a glucose molecule and converts it into two pyruvate molecules along with the production of two ATP molecules and NADH reduced coenzymes.
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Chapter 24 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- Which of the following is the first step of glycolysis? Select one: a. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted to 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate b. Dihydroxyacetone (Glycerone Phosphate) is converted to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate c. 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate is converted to 3-phosphoglycerate d. Fructose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-1,6,bisphosphate e. 3-phosphoglycerate is converted 2-phosphoglycerate f. 2-phosphoglycerate is converted to Phosphoenolpyruvate g. Phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate h. Glucose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-6-phosphate i. Fructose-1,6 Bisphosphate is converted to Dihydroxyacetone and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate j. Glucose is converted to Glucose-6-phosphatearrow_forwardFor each of the following conditions, state whether this condition would be occurring during gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, or both in liver cells. a. Transporting malate from the cytosol into the mitochondria. _____________ b. Transporting pyruvate from the cytosol into the mitochondria. _____________ c. We would have an increased (or increasing) concentration of F26BP. __________ d. Increased concentration of F6P.__________ e. Hexokinase IV (or glucokinase) is found in the nucleus of the cell. __________ f. The enzyme that synthesizes/breaks down F26BP is phosphorylated. __________ g. Elevated levels of glucagon in the blood. ____________arrow_forwardGlucose-6-phosphate isomerase is used to do which of the following steps of glycolysis Select one: a. Glucose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-6-phosphate b. 3-phosphoglycerate is converted 2-phosphoglycerate c. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted to 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate d. Glucose is converted to Glucose-6-phosphate e. Dihydroxyacetone (Glycerone Phosphate) is converted to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate f. Fructose-1,6 Bisphosphate is converted to Dihydroxyacetone and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate g. 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate is converted to 3-phosphoglycerate h. Phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate i. Fructose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-1,6,bisphosphate j. 2-phosphoglycerate is converted to Phosphoenolpyruvatearrow_forward
- Hexokinase is used to do which of the following steps of glycolysis? Select one: a. Glucose is converted to Glucose-6-phosphate b. Phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate c. Dihydroxyacetone (Glycerone Phosphate) is converted to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate d. Fructose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-1,6,bisphosphate e. 3-phosphoglycerate is converted 2-phosphoglycerate f. 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate is converted to 3-phosphoglycerate g. 2-phosphoglycerate is converted to Phosphoenolpyruvate h. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted to 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate i. Fructose-1,6 Bisphosphate is converted to Dihydroxyacetone and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate j. Glucose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-6-phosphatearrow_forwardWhich of the following is the ninth step of glycolysis? Select one: a. Fructose-1,6 Bisphosphate is converted to Dihydroxyacetone and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate b. 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate is converted to 3-phosphoglycerate c. Phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate d. Dihydroxyacetone (Glycerone Phosphate) is converted to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate e. Fructose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-1,6,bisphosphate f. 3-phosphoglycerate is converted 2-phosphoglycerate g. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted to 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate h. Glucose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-6-phosphate i. 2-phosphoglycerate is converted to Phosphoenolpyruvate j. Glucose is converted to Glucose-6-phosphatearrow_forwardIndicate what will happen ( increase, decrease or no effect) tothe activity of the enzyme or rate of the metabolic pathway in the given conditions a. release of glucagon in the blood to the activity of carnitine acyl transferase 1 b. high malonyl CoA to the activity of carnitine acyl transferase I C. Epinephrine to the activity og glycogen synthase d. high citrate to the activity of acetyl CoA carboxylase e. high acetyl CoA to ketogenesisarrow_forward
- CHOOSE THE CORRECT LETTER When glycogen is synthesized in both the liver and muscle, all the following are true, EXCEPT A.Glucose is transferred from UDP-glucose to a growing glycogen molecule by glycogen synthase.B. Phosphoglucomutase converts glucose 6-phosphate to glucose 1-phosphateC. Glucose 6-phosphate is converted to glucose by a phosphatase.D.Glucose 1-phosphate is activated by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase to produce UDP-glucose and PPi.arrow_forwardMatch the coenzymes and/or substrates with their corresponding glycolytic enzymes. Note that an enzyme can match with more than one coenzyme or substrate in the list. ATP NAD+ Dihydroxyacetone phosphate A. Glucose 1-dehydrogenase B. Phosphofructokinase-1 C. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase D. ATPase E. Triose phosphate isomerasearrow_forwardA patient complains of painful muscle cramps when performing strenuous physical exercise. A muscle biopsy indicates a higher than normal concentration of muscle glycogen. a. Which enzyme of glycogen metabolism is affected? b. Discuss how the defect of this enzyme affects glycogen metabolism.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is the fourth step of glycolysis? Select one: a. Phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate b. 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate is converted to 3-phosphoglycerate c. Fructose-1,6 Bisphosphate is converted to Dihydroxyacetone and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate d. Glucose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-6-phosphate e. 2-phosphoglycerate is converted to Phosphoenolpyruvate f. Dihydroxyacetone (Glycerone Phosphate) is converted to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate g. 3-phosphoglycerate is converted 2-phosphoglycerate h. Glucose is converted to Glucose-6-phosphate i. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted to 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate j. Fructose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-1,6,bisphosphatearrow_forwardAll of the following statements concerning glycogenesis and glycogenolysis are true EXCEPT A. Taking this test will activate glycogen phosphorylase and inhibit glycogen synthase B. Being chased by a bear will activate glycogen synthesis and inhibit glycogen phosphorylase C. Exercise or “fight-or-flight” circumstances will result in an increase in epinephrine causing increased glycogen phosphorylase and decreased glycogen synthase activities D. High blood glucose and high insulin levels will activate glycogen synthesis and inhibit glycogen phosphorylase E. Glucagon will activate glycogen phosphorylase and inhibit glycogen synthasearrow_forwardThe rate limiting and committed step of the pentose phosphate pathway is catalyzed by which of the following enzymes? A. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase B. Hexokinase C. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase D. Transketolasearrow_forward
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