EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
7th Edition
ISBN: 8220100853180
Author: STOKER
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 24, Problem 24.95EP
(a)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: To determine the net gain or net loss in triphosphates (ATP, UTP, etc.) in gluconeogenesis.
Concept introduction: Gluconeogenesis is an eleven-step pathway in which glucose is produced from non-carbohydrate substances.
Triphosphate nucleotides provide energy to carry out the
(b)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: To determine the net gain or net loss in triphosphates (ATP, UTP, etc.) in gluconeogenesis.
Concept introduction: Glycogenesis is the metabolic pathway that converts
Triphosphate nucleotides provide energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), Cytidine triphosphate (CTP), Uridine triphosphate (UTP), and Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) are examples of triphosphate nucleotides.
(c)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: To determine the net gain or net loss in triphosphates (ATP, UTP, etc.) in the transfer of glycogen glucose unit to pyruvate.
Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula
Glycogenolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glycogen to
Triphosphate nucleotides provide energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), Cytidine triphosphate (CTP), Uridine triphosphate (UTP), and Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) are examples of triphosphate nucleotides.
(d)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: To determine the net gain or net loss in triphosphates (ATP, UTP, etc.) in the Cori cycle.
Concept introduction: Gluconeogenesis is an eleven-step pathway in which glucose is produced from non-carbohydrate substances.
Triphosphate nucleotides provide energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), Cytidine triphosphate (CTP), Uridine triphosphate (UTP), and Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) are examples of triphosphate nucleotides.
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For each of the following conditions, state whether this condition would be occurring during gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, or both in liver cells.
a. Transporting malate from the cytosol into the mitochondria. _____________
b. Transporting pyruvate from the cytosol into the mitochondria. _____________
c. We would have an increased (or increasing) concentration of F26BP. __________
d. Increased concentration of F6P.__________
e. Hexokinase IV (or glucokinase) is found in the nucleus of the cell. __________
f. The enzyme that synthesizes/breaks down F26BP is phosphorylated. __________
g. Elevated levels of glucagon in the blood. ____________
Which of the following enzymes is found in gluconeogenesis but not in glycolysis?
a. phosphohexose isomerase
b. hexokinase
c. fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase
d. phosphoglycerate kinase
During gluconeogenesis, the three irreversible steps of glycolysis have to be bypassed. The first step is the conversion of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate. Which of the following statement is false regarding the reaction step? Select one:
a.
Conversion of oxaloacetate from pyruvate occurs in mitochondria and shuttled into the cytosol.
b.
Formation of phosphoenolpyruvate requires both ATP and GTP as an energy source.
c.
Acetyl CoA is an activator of enzyme pyruvate carboxylase.
d.
This reaction involves two-step process catalyzed by pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
Chapter 24 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
Ch. 24.1 - The primary site within the human body where...Ch. 24.1 - What is the first site within the human body where...Ch. 24.1 - What effect does gastric juice in the stomach have...Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 4QQCh. 24.1 - Which of the following substances is needed for...Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 4QQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 5QQ
Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 6QQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 7QQCh. 24.3 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.3 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.3 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.3 - Prob. 4QQCh. 24.3 - Accumulation of which of the following substances...Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.4 - The net yield of ATP for the complete oxidation of...Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.5 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.5 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.5 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.6 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.6 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.6 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.6 - Which of the following statements about ATP...Ch. 24.6 - Prob. 5QQCh. 24.7 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.7 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.8 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.8 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.8 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.9 - Which of the following hormones promotes the...Ch. 24.9 - Which of the following pairs of hormones increases...Ch. 24.10 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.10 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.10 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24 - Where does carbohydrate digestion begin in the...Ch. 24 - Very little digestion of carbohydrates occurs in...Ch. 24 - Prob. 24.3EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.4EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.5EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.6EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.7EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.8EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.9EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.10EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.11EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.12EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.13EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.14EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.15EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.16EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.17EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.18EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.19EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.20EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.21EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.22EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.23EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.24EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.25EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.26EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.27EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.28EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.29EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.30EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.31EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.32EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.33EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.34EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.35EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.36EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.37EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.38EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.39EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.40EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.41EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.42EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.43EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.44EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.45EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.46EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.47EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.48EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.49EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.50EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.51EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.52EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.53EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.54EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.55EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.56EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.57EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.58EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.59EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.60EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.61EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.62EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.63EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.64EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.65EPCh. 24 - The liver, but not the brain or muscle cells, has...Ch. 24 - Prob. 24.67EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.68EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.69EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.70EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.71EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.72EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.73EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.74EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.75EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.76EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.77EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.78EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.79EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.80EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.81EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.82EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.83EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.84EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.85EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.86EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.87EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.88EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.89EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.90EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.91EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.92EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.93EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.94EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.95EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.96EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.97EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.98EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.99EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.100EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.101EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.102EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.103EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.104EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.105EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.106EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.107EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.108EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.109EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.110EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.111EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.112EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.113EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.114EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.115EPCh. 24 - Compare the biological functions of glucagon and...Ch. 24 - Prob. 24.117EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.118EP
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- In what stage of catabolism does each of the following processes occur? a. cleavage of a protein with chymotrypsin b. oxidation of a fatty acid to acetyl CoA c. oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate with NAD +d. conversion of ADP to ATP with ATP synthase e. hydrolysis of starch to glucose with amylasearrow_forwardThe rate limiting and committed step of the pentose phosphate pathway is catalyzed by which of the following enzymes? A. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase B. Hexokinase C. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase D. Transketolasearrow_forwardWhich of the following is the ninth step of glycolysis? Select one: a. Fructose-1,6 Bisphosphate is converted to Dihydroxyacetone and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate b. 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate is converted to 3-phosphoglycerate c. Phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate d. Dihydroxyacetone (Glycerone Phosphate) is converted to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate e. Fructose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-1,6,bisphosphate f. 3-phosphoglycerate is converted 2-phosphoglycerate g. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted to 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate h. Glucose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-6-phosphate i. 2-phosphoglycerate is converted to Phosphoenolpyruvate j. Glucose is converted to Glucose-6-phosphatearrow_forward
- Define the following terms:a. glycolysisb. pentose phosphate pathwayc. gluconeogenesisd. glycogenolysise. glycogenesisarrow_forwardHexokinase is used to do which of the following steps of glycolysis? Select one: a. Glucose is converted to Glucose-6-phosphate b. Phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate c. Dihydroxyacetone (Glycerone Phosphate) is converted to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate d. Fructose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-1,6,bisphosphate e. 3-phosphoglycerate is converted 2-phosphoglycerate f. 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate is converted to 3-phosphoglycerate g. 2-phosphoglycerate is converted to Phosphoenolpyruvate h. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted to 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate i. Fructose-1,6 Bisphosphate is converted to Dihydroxyacetone and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate j. Glucose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-6-phosphatearrow_forwardWhich of the following is the fourth step of glycolysis? Select one: a. Phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate b. 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate is converted to 3-phosphoglycerate c. Fructose-1,6 Bisphosphate is converted to Dihydroxyacetone and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate d. Glucose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-6-phosphate e. 2-phosphoglycerate is converted to Phosphoenolpyruvate f. Dihydroxyacetone (Glycerone Phosphate) is converted to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate g. 3-phosphoglycerate is converted 2-phosphoglycerate h. Glucose is converted to Glucose-6-phosphate i. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted to 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate j. Fructose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-1,6,bisphosphatearrow_forward
- a) How many moles of ATP can be gained from the catabolism of the following substrates to pyruvate? 2 Mole mannose 2 Mole lactose mole glycerol. b) Name three metabolic processes in the cell that are enhanced and two that are inhibited in response to the hormone insulinarrow_forwardDetermine the number of carbon atoms present and the the total number of phosphate groups present in each of these following intermediates of glycolysis: a. Glucose 6-phosphate b. Fructose 1,6-phosphatearrow_forwardWhich of the following is the third step of glycolysis? Select one: a. Glucose is converted to Glucose-6-phosphate b. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted to 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate c. Dihydroxyacetone (Glycerone Phosphate) is converted to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate d. 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate is converted to 3-phosphoglycerate e. 3-phosphoglycerate is converted 2-phosphoglycerate f. Fructose-1,6 Bisphosphate is converted to Dihydroxyacetone and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate g. Glucose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-6-phosphate h. 2-phosphoglycerate is converted to Phosphoenolpyruvate i. Phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate j. Fructose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-1,6,bisphosphatearrow_forward
- Glucose is converted to pyruvate in glycolysis, yielding a netsynthesis of 2 ATP. In certain cells pyruvate can be reconverted to glucose during gluconeogenesis. How many ATPsare required to convert pyruvate back to glucose?arrow_forwardOf the 36 molecules of ATP produced by the complete metabolism of glucose, how many are produced directly in glycolysis alone, that is, before the common pathway?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a correct ranking of molecules with respect to their energy value in glycolysis (note: >means “greater than”)? (a) two pyruvates > one glucose (b) one glucose > one fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (c) twoglyceraldehyde-3-phosphates (G3P) > one glucose (d) two pyruvates > one fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (e) two pyruvates > two glyceraldehyde-3-phosphates (G3P)arrow_forward
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