EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
7th Edition
ISBN: 8220100853180
Author: STOKER
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 24, Problem 24.37EP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: To identify the location within a cell where pyruvate is converted to
Concept introduction: In the glycolysis
Aerobic reactions need oxygen while anaerobic reactions don’t need oxygen.
In the mitochondrion, the space within the inner membrane is defined as the matrix. The mitochondria matrix contains the ribosomes, mitochondria’s DNA, soluble enzymes,
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How does oxaloacetate get to the cytoplasm (from mitochondria matrix) for gluconeogenesis?
oxaloacetate is converted to malate and malate is transported to cytoplasm via transporter protein.
oxaloacetate gets to cytoplasm by diffusion.
oxaloacetate is converted to Acetyl-CoA and Acetyl-CoA is transported to cytoplasm via transporter
protein.
The conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA involves an oxidative decarboxylation. Correct the path of the electrons through this mechanism: Pyruvate -> NAD -> lipoamide -> FAD -> TPP
Although glucose cannot be formed from acetyl-CoA, triglycerides can
enter the glycolytic pathway via which process?
O Acetyl-CoA → oxaloacetate → phosphoenolpyruvate
O Palmitoyl-CoAB- ketoacyl-CoA → a-ketoglutarate
O Glycerol → DHAP
Acyl-CoA glucose
Chapter 24 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
Ch. 24.1 - The primary site within the human body where...Ch. 24.1 - What is the first site within the human body where...Ch. 24.1 - What effect does gastric juice in the stomach have...Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 4QQCh. 24.1 - Which of the following substances is needed for...Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 4QQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 5QQ
Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 6QQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 7QQCh. 24.3 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.3 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.3 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.3 - Prob. 4QQCh. 24.3 - Accumulation of which of the following substances...Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.4 - The net yield of ATP for the complete oxidation of...Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.5 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.5 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.5 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.6 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.6 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.6 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.6 - Which of the following statements about ATP...Ch. 24.6 - Prob. 5QQCh. 24.7 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.7 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.8 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.8 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.8 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.9 - Which of the following hormones promotes the...Ch. 24.9 - Which of the following pairs of hormones increases...Ch. 24.10 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.10 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.10 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24 - Where does carbohydrate digestion begin in the...Ch. 24 - Very little digestion of carbohydrates occurs in...Ch. 24 - Prob. 24.3EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.4EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.5EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.6EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.7EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.8EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.9EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.10EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.11EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.12EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.13EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.14EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.15EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.16EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.17EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.18EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.19EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.20EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.21EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.22EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.23EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.24EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.25EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.26EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.27EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.28EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.29EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.30EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.31EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.32EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.33EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.34EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.35EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.36EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.37EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.38EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.39EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.40EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.41EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.42EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.43EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.44EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.45EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.46EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.47EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.48EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.49EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.50EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.51EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.52EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.53EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.54EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.55EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.56EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.57EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.58EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.59EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.60EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.61EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.62EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.63EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.64EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.65EPCh. 24 - The liver, but not the brain or muscle cells, has...Ch. 24 - Prob. 24.67EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.68EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.69EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.70EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.71EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.72EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.73EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.74EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.75EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.76EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.77EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.78EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.79EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.80EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.81EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.82EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.83EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.84EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.85EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.86EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.87EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.88EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.89EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.90EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.91EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.92EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.93EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.94EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.95EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.96EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.97EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.98EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.99EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.100EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.101EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.102EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.103EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.104EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.105EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.106EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.107EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.108EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.109EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.110EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.111EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.112EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.113EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.114EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.115EPCh. 24 - Compare the biological functions of glucagon and...Ch. 24 - Prob. 24.117EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.118EP
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- In the mitochondrion is a short-chain carnitineacyltransferase that can take acetyl groups from acetyl-CoA and transfer them to carnitine. How might this be related to lipid biosynthesis?arrow_forwardFourteen NADPH molecules are required to produce one molecules of palmitic acid from acetyl CoA. Substantiate this statement by referring to the enzymatic activities involved in reduction steps during fatty acid synthesis and the number of cycles required to produce palmitic acid from acetyl CoA. How many molecules of ATP is required for the synthesis of palmitic acid from cytosolic acetyl-CoA?arrow_forwardThe citric acid cycle is a critical sequence of reactions for energy production, which take place in the matrix of the mitochondria. The reaction cycle requires materials from the cytosol to be converted into acetyl CoA, which represents the starting point of a new cycle. Which of the following statements about acetyl CoA is true? (a) Acetyl CoA is recycled at the end of every cycle. (b) Oxaloacetate is attached to acetyl CoA to feed the citric acid cycle. (c) Triacylglycerol molecules are transported into the mitochondrial matrix and cleaved by lipases to produce acetyl CoA. (d) Oxaloacetate is converted directly into acetyl CoA to feed the citric acid cyclearrow_forward
- In the pyruvae dehydrogensae complex, acetyl-coa is released by the dihydrolipoyl transacetylase activity. What is the purpose of the following enzymatic activity.arrow_forwardTo begin the TCA cycle, pyruvate must be converted into acetyl-Coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) by the enzyme complex of pyruvate dehydrogenase. This complex requires 5 different coenzymes to function properly. What are they?arrow_forwardHow many acetyl CoA molecules can be produced during the complete β-oxidation of this fatty acid?arrow_forward
- A fatty acid (a long straight-chain carboxylic acid with an even number of carbons) is metabolized to acetyl- CoA, which can then enter the citric acid cycle to be further metabolized (Section 24.9). A fatty acid with anodd number of carbons is metabolized to acetyl-CoA and one equivalent of propionyl-CoA. Propionyl-CoA cannot enter the citric acid cycle. Two coenzyme-requiring enzymes are needed to convert it to succinyl-CoA, acompound that can enter the citric acid cycle. Write the two enzyme-catalyzed reactions and include the names of the required coenzymes.arrow_forwardTwo carbon atoms are fed into the citric acid cycle as acetyl-CoA. In what form are two carbon atoms removed from the cycle?arrow_forwardMost fatty acids have an even number of carbons and, therefore, are completely metabolized to acetyl-CoA. A fatty acid with an odd number of carbonsis metabolized to acetyl-CoA and one equivalent of propionyl-CoA. The following two reactions convert propionyl-CoA into succinyl-CoA, a citric acidcycle intermediate, so it can be further metabolized. Each of the reactions requires a coenzyme. Identify the coenzyme for each step. From what vitaminsare the coenzymes derived? (Hint: see Chapter 23.) COO− COO−CH2CH2methylmalonyl-CoA succinyl-CoA CH3CH2 SCoAarrow_forward
- Explain the difference of carbohydrate (glycolysis) from lipid (β-oxidation) metabolism in terms of producing an acetyl-coA that will enter the Kreb cycle?arrow_forwardA fatty acid (a long straight-chain carboxylic acid with an even number of carbons) is metabolized to acetylCoA, which can then enter the citric acid cycle to be further metabolized. A fatty acid with an odd number of carbons is metabolized to acetyl-CoA and one equivalent of propionyl-CoA. Propionyl-CoA cannot enter the citric acid cycle. Two coenzyme-requiring enzymes are needed to convert it to succinyl-CoA, a compound that can enter the citric acid cycle. Write the two enzyme-catalyzed reactions and include the names of the required coenzymes.arrow_forwardMammals cannot undergo net synthesis of carbohydrate from acetyl-CoA, but the carbons of acetyl-CoA can be incorporated into glucose and amino acids. Present pathways by which this could come about.arrow_forward
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