Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “pyruvate is the final product for glycolysis” concerning glucose
Concept introduction: Pyruvate
A product is defined as the substance that is formed after the completion of a
(b)
Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “lactate is the final product for gluconeogenesis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.
Concept introduction: Lactate is the conjugate base of lactic acid. The structure of lactate is as follows:
A product is defined as the substance that is formed after the completion of a chemical reaction.
(c)
Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “glycogen is the final product for glycogenolysis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.
Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula
A product is defined as the substance that is formed after the completion of a chemical reaction.
(d)
Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “
Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula
A product is defined as the substance that is formed after the completion of a chemical reaction.
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EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase is used to do which of the following steps of glycolysis Select one: a. Glucose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-6-phosphate b. 3-phosphoglycerate is converted 2-phosphoglycerate c. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted to 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate d. Glucose is converted to Glucose-6-phosphate e. Dihydroxyacetone (Glycerone Phosphate) is converted to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate f. Fructose-1,6 Bisphosphate is converted to Dihydroxyacetone and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate g. 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate is converted to 3-phosphoglycerate h. Phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate i. Fructose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-1,6,bisphosphate j. 2-phosphoglycerate is converted to Phosphoenolpyruvatearrow_forwardDefine the following terms:a. glycolysisb. pentose phosphate pathwayc. gluconeogenesisd. glycogenolysise. glycogenesisarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements concerning the enzyme regulation is CORRECT? Select one: A. Citrate is the allosteric inhibitor of hexokinase. B. AMP is the alloseric activator of pyruvate dehydrogenase. C. Glucose-6-phosphate is the allosteric activator for phosphofructokinase. D. ATP is the activator of pyruvate kinase.arrow_forward
- Gluconeogenesis occurs in liver and kidney. Which is of the following enzyme are important for gluconeogenesis are expressed exclusively in these tissues? Select one: a. Glucose-6-phosphatase b. Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphatase c. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase d. Pyruvate carboxylasearrow_forwardWhich of the following is the ninth step of glycolysis? Select one: a. Fructose-1,6 Bisphosphate is converted to Dihydroxyacetone and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate b. 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate is converted to 3-phosphoglycerate c. Phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate d. Dihydroxyacetone (Glycerone Phosphate) is converted to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate e. Fructose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-1,6,bisphosphate f. 3-phosphoglycerate is converted 2-phosphoglycerate g. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted to 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate h. Glucose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-6-phosphate i. 2-phosphoglycerate is converted to Phosphoenolpyruvate j. Glucose is converted to Glucose-6-phosphatearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements concerning gluconeogenesis is NOT true? a. Gluconeogenesis is to make glucose from glycogen. b. Many of the reactions of gluconeogenesis are glycolytic reactions going in reverse. c. The process of gluconeogenesis consumes ATP. d. The process of gluconeogenesis is regulated by ATP. e. Gluconeogenesis maintains the blood glucose level long after all dietary glucose has been absorbed and oxidized.arrow_forward
- The rate limiting and committed step of the pentose phosphate pathway is catalyzed by which of the following enzymes? A. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase B. Hexokinase C. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase D. Transketolasearrow_forwardWhich of the following is the third step of glycolysis? Select one: a. Glucose is converted to Glucose-6-phosphate b. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted to 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate c. Dihydroxyacetone (Glycerone Phosphate) is converted to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate d. 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate is converted to 3-phosphoglycerate e. 3-phosphoglycerate is converted 2-phosphoglycerate f. Fructose-1,6 Bisphosphate is converted to Dihydroxyacetone and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate g. Glucose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-6-phosphate h. 2-phosphoglycerate is converted to Phosphoenolpyruvate i. Phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate j. Fructose-6-phosphate is converted to Fructose-1,6,bisphosphatearrow_forwardWhich of the following reactions in the glycolysis cycle are regulated by hormones? (more than one answer) a. Pyruvate to Lactate b. Fructose 6 Phosphate to Fructose 1,6 bis phosphate c. Glucose to Glucose 6P d. Phosphoenolpyruvate to Pyruvate e. 3-Phosphoglycerate to 2-Phosphoglyceratearrow_forward
- Indicate whether each of the following substances is involved in (1) glycogenesis but not glycogenolysis, (2) glycogenolysis but not glycogenesis, (3) both glycogenesis and glycogenolysis, or (4) neither glycogenesis nor glycogenolysis. a. Glucose 6-phosphate b. UDP c. Glycogen d. Piarrow_forwardWhich of the following enzymes is the key regulatory step in glycolysis? Phosphofructiokinase-1 is the answer. Explain? A. Phosphoglucose Isomerase B. Phosphofructokinase-1 C. Pyruvate Kinase D. Hexokiase E. Phosphofructokinase-2 ...Why is Phosphoglucose Isomerase wrong?arrow_forwardDuring strenuous exercise, the NADH formed in the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase reaction in skeletal muscle must be reoxidized to NAD+ if glycolysis is to continue. The most important reaction involved in the reoxidation of NADH is: a. dihydroxyacetone phosphate → glycerol 3-phosphate b. glucose 6-phosphate → fructose 6-phosphate c. isocitrate → α-ketoglutarate d. oxaloacetate → malate e. pyruvate → lactatearrow_forward
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