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Concept explainers
Interpretation: To compare the net ATP production from the processing of one fructose and one glucose molecule through the glycolic
Concept introduction: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that breaks down a glucose molecule and converts it into two pyruvate molecules along with the production of ATP molecules and NADH-reduced coenzymes.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the energy currency of life that provides energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells. After the consumption in the metabolic processes, ATP is converted either to adenosine monophosphate (AMP) or to adenosine diphosphate (ADP).
Fructose and glucose are monosaccharides with the same molecular formula
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Chapter 24 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- What steps in glycolysis generate substrate-level phosphorylation, and how many ATP molecules are generated in this way in this pathway? How does the generation of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation differ from ATP generation by oxidative phosphorylation?arrow_forwardIn the Cori cycle, the lactate product of glycolysis in muscle is transformedback into glucose by the liver. (a) List the enzymes involved in the lactate → glucose pathway. (b) What is the net gain/loss of ATP for one round of the Cori cycle (glucose → lactate → glucose)?arrow_forwardWhich reactions of glycolysis can be reversed? Which are irreversible? What is the significance of the metabolically irreversible reactions?arrow_forward
- How many ATP or NADH molecules are produced or required in each of the following steps in glycolysis? Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right. zero one two produced required In the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, NADH molecules are In the conversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate, NADH molecules are In the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate molecules are ATP and Reset ATP and ATP and Help NADHarrow_forwardHow many high-energy molecules are netted for one molecule of glucose undergoing glycolysis? How many ATP, NADH and FADH2 are produced by one molecule of glucose proceeding through the citric acid cycle?arrow_forwardWhat is glycolysis? How many steps are in glycolysis and what are they? What are the three key regulatory steps? Which step is irreversible and why? What are the enzymes that participate in glycolysis?arrow_forward
- What is the net synthesis of ATP when one molecule of fructose-6-phosphate gets converted into 2 molecules of pyruvate?arrow_forwardWhen fructose present in either liver or muscle undergoes glycolysis to form pyruvate, how many moles of ATP are consumed to activate it? 1 2 4 none b When glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate undergoes glycolysis to form pyruvate, how many moles of ATP are produced? 1 2 4 none c When fructose undergoes glycolysis to form two moles of pyruvate, how many moles of ATP are produced? 1 2 4 none d Is there a difference in the way fructose is metabolized in the liver versus in muscle tissue? yes noarrow_forwardDoes the net gain of ATP in glycolysis differ when glycogen, rather than glucose, is the starting material? If so, what is the change?arrow_forward
- Which two enzymes are the most important in determining the maximal rate of glycolysis?arrow_forwardComplete catabolism of one glucose molecule yields 38 ATP molecules. How many moles of ATP are produced by the complete catabolism of 10 moles of glucose?arrow_forwardWhat is the cost (in ATP equivalents) of transforming glucose to pyruvate via glycolysis and back again to glucose via gluconeogenesis?arrow_forward
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